Annex 1

Part I

On December 1, 2020, the "Export Control Law of the People's Republic of China" officially came into effect, establishing a list-based management system for export control. On December 1, 2024, the "Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Export Control of Dual-Use Items" officially came into effect, providing specific regulations on the procedures and requirements for the formulation and adjustment of the export control list for dual-use items.

To ensure the smooth and effective implementation of the "Export Control Law of the People's Republic of China" and the "Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Export Control of Dual-Use Items," facilitate compliant operations for export businesses, and improve the effectiveness of export control governance, the Ministry of Commerce, in conjunction with relevant departments, has drawn upon international experience and practices to systematically integrate the export control lists attached to regulations such as the former "Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Export Control of Nuclear Dual-Use Items and Related Technologies," "Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Export Control of Missiles and Related Items and Technologies," "Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Export Control of Biological Dual-Use Items and Related Equipment and Technologies," and "Measures for the Export Control of Relevant Chemicals and Related Equipment and Technologies," as well as the "Regulations on the Administration of Controlled Chemicals of the People's Republic of China," and over 10 announcements on the export control of dual-use items issued by the Ministry of Commerce in conjunction with relevant departments. This has resulted in the unified "Export Control List of Dual-Use Items of the People's Republic of China" (hereinafter referred to as the List), which is implemented in conjunction with the "Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Export Control of Dual-Use Items." It serves as an important basis for export businesses applying for export licenses for relevant items, and for administrative licensing and supervision and enforcement by departments such as the Ministry of Commerce.

I. List Structure and Coding Rules

This list contains two parts: The first part is the List Explanation, which mainly elaborates on the background, basis, and purpose of the list's formulation, clarifies the item coding rules, and defines necessary technical notes and control requirements. The second part is the specific items, which systematically integrates all currently controlled dual-use items into 10 major industry sectors. Each major sector is further subdivided into 5 types of items. A coding method of "Arabic numerals + English letters" is used for arrangement, composed of 5 elements: "1 Arabic numeral + 1 uppercase English letter + 3 Arabic numerals," such as 1C351, 3A201, etc.

The specific meaning of the control code is as follows:

1. The first digit represents the industry sector, indicated by Arabic numerals 0-9: 1 represents "Special materials and related equipment, chemicals, microorganisms and toxins"; 2 represents "Material processing"; 3 represents "Electronics"; 4 represents "Computers"; 5 represents "Telecommunications and information security"; 6 represents "Sensors and lasers"; 7 represents "Navigation and avionics"; 8 represents "Marine"; 9 represents "Aerospace and propulsion"; 0 represents "Other items".

The 2nd digit represents the item type, indicated by uppercase English letters A-E: A represents "Systems, Equipment, and Components"; B represents "Test, Inspection, and Production Equipment";

C represents "Materials"; D represents "Software"; E represents "Technology".

The 3rd digit represents the reason for control, indicated by Arabic numerals 0-9: 0 represents "Related to conventional weapons"; 1 represents "Related to means of delivery of weapons of mass destruction"; 2 represents "Related to nuclear non-proliferation"; 3 represents "Related to chemical and biological weapons"; 4 represents "Chemicals of concern"; 5 represents "Temporary controls"; 9 represents "Related to other national security factors". When a controlled item involves multiple reasons for control, except for temporary controls, the primary reason for control shall be used for arrangement in other situations.

The 4th and 5th digits are used together for item sequencing, indicated by Arabic numerals 0-9.

The specific details are shown in the figure below:

Each code corresponds to one or more controlled items. If multiple controlled items or multiple code levels are involved, lowercase English letters and Arabic numerals are used alternately to compile the codes at the corresponding level, such as further compilation under code 1C111 as 1C111.a.1, 1C111.b.1.a, etc.

II. Normative Explanations of the List

(I) General Explanations.

1. Items in this list include unused items, used items, and items integrated into other products as their main components that can be disassembled and used for other purposes. If otherwise specified in Part II of this list, such provisions shall apply.

2. If the description of an item in this list does not include technical specifications or restrictions, then the item includes all its varieties.

3. Items in this List related to "launch vehicles" (i.e., items with control codes where the third digit is a 1) refer to items related to complete ballistic missiles, launch vehicles, sounding rockets, cruise missiles, and "unmanned aerial vehicles" capable of delivering payloads of more than 500 kg over distances of more than 300 km, and to production facilities specially designed for them.

(ii) Notes on "Technology".

1. "Technology" refers to specialized information and knowledge required for the research, development, production, or use of a product, including technology transferred or provided through technical documentation or technical support. Export controls on technology do not apply to information in the public domain, technology in basic scientific research, or knowledge necessary for ordinary patent applications.

2. Technical documentation includes: blueprints, plans, diagrams, models, formulas, engineering designs and technical specifications, manuals and procedures, and their being written or recorded on devices such as disks, magnetic tapes, read-only memory, or other carriers.

3. Technical support includes: technical guidance, dispatch of skilled workers, training, imparting knowledge and skills, and consulting services.

4. An export license for any item listed in this List also includes a license for the minimum technology required for installation, operation, maintenance, and repair of that item for the same end-user.

(iii) Notes on "Software".

"Software" refers to a collection of one or more "programs" or "microprograms" loaded onto a tangible medium. Controls on the transfer of "software" do not apply to the following "software":

1. "Software" that is generally made available to the public in the following ways:

1．通常用以下方式提供给公众的“软件”：

(1) Sold at retail points without restriction;

(2) Intended for self-installation by the user without further specific support from the supplier;

2. Public domain.

(IV) Notes on "Public Domain".

"Public Domain" refers to technology or software that has been publicly used and can be further expanded without restriction (technology or software subject to copyright restrictions is included within the scope of "Public Domain").

(V) Notes on "Basic Scientific Research".

"Basic Scientific Research" refers to experimental or theoretical work for the acquisition of new knowledge on the basic principles of phenomena or observable facts, essentially without a specific practical purpose or objective.

(VI) Notes on "R&D", "Production", "Use".

1. "R&D" refers to all stages prior to "production": design, design research, design analysis, design concept, prototype assembly and testing, pilot production planning, design data, the process of converting design data into products, form design, overall design, layout.

2. "Production" refers to all production stages: construction, process design, manufacturing, assembly (installation), integration, inspection, testing, quality assurance.

3. "Use" means operations, installation (including on-site installation), maintenance (inspection), repair, overhaul, etc.

(VII) Notes on "usable for" and "capable of".

"Usable for" and "capable of" means that systems, equipment, parts, components, or software are suitable for a particular purpose without requiring configuration, modification, or adjustment for that specific purpose.

(VIII) Notes on "specially designed".

"Specially designed" means systems, equipment, parts, components, materials, or software developed for a specific purpose and possessing unique performance characteristics. For example, equipment designed for use in a missile, if it has no other functions or uses, shall be considered "specially designed" equipment. Another example: manufacturing equipment designed to produce a specific part, if it cannot produce other parts, shall be considered "specially designed" equipment.

(IX) Notes on "design or develop".

"Design or develop" means that systems, equipment, parts, components, software, or technology are the object of research and development or improvement to impart specific application properties. Systems, equipment, parts, components, software, or technology that are "designed or developed" may be used for other applications. For example, a titanium pump designed for a missile may be used with corrosive liquids other than propellants.

III. Definitions of terms related to the List

(I) "By weight" (Categories 1 and 2) means the mass of a particular element in an alloy divided by the total mass of the alloy, multiplied by 100%, to express the content of that element.

element in an alloy divided by the total mass of the alloy, multiplied by 100%, to express the content of that element.

(ii) "Specific modulus" (Classes 1 and 9) refers to the Young's modulus (unit: N/m2) measured at a temperature of 23±2 ℃

and a relative humidity of 50±5%

divided by specific gravity (unit: N/m3).

(iii) "Specific tensile strength" (Classes 1 and 9) refers to the ultimate tensile strength (unit: N/m2) measured at a temperature of 23

±2 ℃ and a relative humidity of 50±5%, divided by specific gravity (unit: N/m3).

(iv) "Pathogenic microorganisms" (Class 1) refers to pathogenic microorganisms, whether natural or genetically modified, that can cause death, disease, or damage to humans, animals, or

plants. Pathogenic microorganisms include bacteria, viruses, fungi, etc.

"Bacteria" are single-celled microorganisms. With few exceptions, bacteria are independent living microorganisms capable of self-replication without relying on other organisms.

"Viruses" are pathogenic microorganisms typically composed of genetic material enclosed within a protein capsid. Viruses must infect a host cell to replicate, lyse the host cell, and spread the infection.

"Fungi" are a group of unicellular and multicellular organisms (e.g., molds, yeasts, and mushrooms) that derive nutrients from organic matter.

(v) "Measurement uncertainty" (Class 2) refers to the range within which the measurand

A characteristic parameter that the correct value of the output value is within a certain range around the output value at a 95% confidence level. This characteristic parameter includes uncorrected system bias, uncorrected backlash, and random deviation.

(VI) "Substrate" (Category 3) means a material, with or without interconnect patterns,

on which or within which "discrete devices" or integrated circuits or both may be placed.

(VII) "Program" (Categories 1, 2) means a sequence of instructions that can be executed by an electronic computer

or converted into a form that can be executed to perform a process.

(VIII) "Contour machining" (Category 2) means performing two

or more "numerically controlled" movements according to instructions that specify the next required position and the feed rate required to reach that position. The feed rate varies in relation to each other in order to produce a desired contour (see ISO 2806:1994).

(IX) "Isostatic press" (Category 2) means equipment capable of pressurizing a closed cavity through various

media (gas, liquid, solid particles, etc.) to exert equal pressure in all directions on a workpiece or material within the cavity.

(j) "Electronic assemblies" (Category 4) means a multi-element, discrete or integrated electronic circuitry which performs a "digital processing function",

which is not "readily achievable" by the assembly of discrete electronic components, and which is not otherwise enumerated in the "List".

(k) "Positioning accuracy" (Category 2), as specified in 2B201,

is determined with the following "numerical control" machine tool positioning accuracy requirements:

1. Test conditions (ISO230-2:1988, Section 3 or national equivalent):

(a) The machine tool and the accuracy measuring equipment should be kept at the same ambient temperature for 12 hours before and during the measurement. During the prediction, the machine tool slides should be continuously cycled in the same manner as during the accuracy measurement;

(b) The machine tool will be equipped with mechanical, electronic or software accessories that are exported with the machine tool;

(c) The accuracy of the measuring equipment used for the measurement should be at least 4 times better than the expected machine tool accuracy;

(d) The power supply used to drive the slides must be:

(i) The line voltage variation should not exceed ±10% of the nominal rated voltage;

② Frequency variation does not exceed ±2 Hz of the normal frequency;

③ Power failure or intermittent power supply is not allowed.

2. Inspection Procedure (ISO230-2:1988 Section 4 or equivalent national standard):

(1) The feed rate (slide speed) during measurement must be the rapid traverse rate;

Technical Note: For machine tools producing optical quality surfaces, the feed rate must be less than or equal to 50 mm per minute;

(2) Measurement must be performed incrementally, i.e., from one end of the axial travel to the other without returning to the starting position, with each movement directed towards the target position;

(3) When inspecting one axis, the other axes must remain in their mid-travel positions.

3. Explanation of test results (ISO 230-2:1988 Section 2 or equivalent national standard):

Measurement results must include:

(1) "Positioning accuracy";

(2) Forward and reverse average error.

(XII) "Toxin" (Categories 1 and 2) means a naturally occurring or modified biologically active substance derived from any microorganism,

animal, plant, which can cause death, disease or/and damage to humans, animals or plants, regardless of how it is produced.

(XIII) "Symmetric cryptographic algorithm" (Category 5) means a cryptographic algorithm where the encryption and decryption

transformations use the same key.

(XIV) "Asymmetric cryptographic algorithm" (Category 5) means a cryptographic algorithm where the encryption and decryp

tion transformations use different keys, one of which is known as the public key and the other as the private key.

(XV) "Resolution" (Categories 2 and 3) means the smallest increment that a measuring device can discern; on a digital measuring instrument, it is the least significant bit.

discernible; on a digital measuring instrument, it is the least significant bit.

(XVI) "High altitude" (Category 9) means an altitude in the aeronautical domain between 7,000 m and 15,000 m.

(XVII) "Superalloys" (Category 9) refers to nickel-based, cobalt-based, or iron-based alloys containing refractory metals, which can withstand complex stresses under oxidizing and corrosive conditions at 600 °C and above, still possess good comprehensive properties, and can work reliably for a long time. They are also known as "superalloys".

(XVII) "Superalloys" (Category 9) refers to nickel-based, cobalt-based, or iron-based alloys containing refractory metals, which can withstand complex stresses under oxidizing and corrosive conditions at 600 °C and above, still possess good comprehensive properties, and can work reliably for a long time. They are also known as "superalloys".

(XVIII) "Chemical weapons" (Category 1) means, individually or collectively:

1. Toxic chemicals and their precursors, except for those intended for purposes not prohibited by the Chemical Weapons Convention, provided that the type and quantity are consistent with such purposes;

2. Fuzes and devices specifically designed to cause death or other harm through the toxicity of the toxic chemicals referred to in paragraph 1 of this item when used;

3. Any equipment specifically designed for purposes directly related to the use of fuzes and devices referred to in paragraph 2 of this item.

(XIX) "Chemical weapon precursors" (Category 1) means any reactant involved in any stage of the production of toxic

chemicals, including any key component of a binary or multcomponent chemical system.

(XX) "Laser" (Categories 2, 3, 6, 7, 9) means an item that produces spatially and temporally coherent light through

the amplification of stimulated emission.

(xxi) "Cryptographic" (Category 3, 5, 6) applies to the discipline which considers the principles, means, and methods of transforming information in order to hide its information content, prevent its undetected modification, or prevent its unauthorized utilization. "Cryptographic" is limited to the transformation of information using one or more "cryptographic parameters" (e.g., key variables) or related key management.

Information transformation principles, means, and methods to hide its information content, prevent its undetected modification, or prevent its unauthorized use. "Cryptographic" is limited to the transformation of information using one or more "cryptographic parameters" (e.g., encryption variables) or related key management.

Note:

1. "Cryptographic" does not include "fixed" data compression or coding techniques;

2. "Cryptographic" includes decryption.

Technical Note:

1. "Cryptographic parameters": constants or keys not known to others or shared only within a group;

2. "Fixed": the encoding or compression algorithm cannot accept externally provided parameters (e.g., passwords or key variables) and cannot be modified by the user.

(XXII) "Angular deviation" (Category 2) refers to the maximum difference between the precisely measured actual angular position and the theoretical angular position after the workpiece has been moved from its initial position on the workbench.

the workpiece has been moved from its initial position.

(23) "Dielectric constant" (Category 1) refers to the dielectric properties or polarization properties of piezoelectric materials under an electrostatic field.

The main parameter reflecting the dielectric or polarization properties of a medium under an electrostatic field.

(24) "Accuracy" (Categories 2, 3, 7) is usually measured by error, which is the maximum positive and negative deviation between an indicated value and a standard or true value.

Measured by error, which is the maximum positive and negative deviation between an indicated value and a standard or true value.

(25) "Absolute pressure" (Category 9) refers to the total pressure of the medium in the space it occupies.

The total pressure of the medium in the space it occupies.

(26) "Radiation hardening" (Categories 4, 6, 9) refers to the design

A component or equipment designed to resist radiation, with a radiation resistance level that can reach or exceed a total radiation dose of 5x10^5 rad (Si).

(Twenty-seven) "Tensile fracture strain" (Category 1) refers to the deformation of a material when subjected to tensile force.

under tensile force.

(xxviii) "Drift rate" (Category 7) means the angular deviation per unit time of the spin axis of a ...

...spinning rotor in space relative to inertial space, expressed in degrees per hour. It is the primary performance indicator of a gyroscope's "accuracy". The lower the drift rate, the higher the gyroscope's "accuracy".

(xxix) "Average output power" (Category 6) means the total "laser" ...

...output energy in joules, divided by the period in seconds over which a series of continuous pulses is emitted. For a series of uniformly spaced pulses, it is equal to the total "laser" output energy in joules for a single pulse multiplied by the "laser" pulse frequency in hertz.

(xxx) "Chamber inner diameter" (Category 2) means the dimensions of a chamber that simultaneously ...

...achieve operating temperature and operating pressure, but not including fixtures. This dimension is the smaller of the inner diameter of the pressure chamber or the inner diameter of the insulation furnace, depending on which chamber is within the other.

(xxxi) "Coefficient of thermal expansion" (Category 1) means the change in dimension of an object ...

expands and contracts due to temperature changes. Its change capability is expressed by the change in length value caused by unit temperature change under constant pressure.

(XXXII) "Range" (Category 9) is the maximum distance that a designated rocket system

or "unmanned aerial vehicle" system can fly in a stable flight mode, measured by the projection of its trajectory onto the Earth's surface.

Technical Note:

1. When determining the range of a missile/aircraft, the maximum capability based on system design characteristics is considered with full fuel or propellant load;

2. When determining the range of a missile system or "unmanned aerial vehicle" system, all external factors such as operation, telemetry, data links, and other external constraints and limiting factors shall be excluded;

3. For missile systems, the range is the flight distance determined by the maximum range trajectory, assuming the standard ICAO atmosphere and no wind;

4. For "unmanned aerial vehicles", the range is the one-way distance determined by the flight state of maximum combustion efficiency or the battery's maximum discharge efficiency, assuming the standard ICAO atmosphere and no wind.

(XXXIII) "Numerical control" (Category 1, 2) refers to an apparatus

for the automatic control of a process, which typically introduces digital data into the operation (see ISO2382:2015).

(XXXIV) "Digital computer" (Category 4) refers to a device capable of performing a

or a plurality of discrete variables, performs all of the following operations:

1. Receiving data;

2. Storing data or instructions in a fixed or changeable (writable) storage device;

3. Processing data by means of a stored sequence of modifiable instructions;

4. Provide data output.

Technical note: Modification of stored instruction sequences includes the replacement of fixed storage devices, but does not include physically altering the wiring or interconnections.

(Thirty-five) "Microprogram" (note on "software") means a basic instruction sequence stored in a special memory, the execution of which is initiated by bringing to the instruction register of the processing unit the instruction from the designated place in that memory.

basic instruction sequence stored in a special memory, the execution of which is initiated by bringing to the instruction register of the processing unit the instruction from the designated place in that memory.

(Thirty-six) "Unmanned airship" (Category 9) means a powered, lighter-than-air "unmanned aircraft" that is kept aloft by means of buoyant forces.

lighter-than-air "unmanned aircraft" that is kept aloft by means of buoyant forces.

(Thirty-seven) "Unmanned aircraft" (Category 9) means an aircraft that is intended to be operated with no pilot on board

An aircraft operated by a device or self-provided program control device, with no human pilot on board.

(xxxviii) "Fibers or filaments" (Class 1) refers to continuous

single filaments, threads, rovings, yarns, or tapes. Among these:

1. Filaments or single filaments refer to the smallest increment of fiber, typically with a diameter of a few micrometers.

2. Rovings refer to a bundle of roughly parallel fine yarns (typically 12 to 120 fine yarns).

3. Fine yarns refer to a bundle of fibers arranged in a roughly parallel manner (typically over 200 fibers).

4. Tapes refer to a material composed of fibers, fine yarns, rovings, yarns, or threads, usually pre-impregnated with resin and interwoven or arranged unidirectionally.

5. Yarns refer to a bundle of roughly parallel fibers.

6. Threads refer to a bundle of fine yarns twisted together.

(xxxix) "Linearity" (Classes 2 and 3) (often measured as non-linearity)

is the maximum positive or negative deviation of the actual characteristic value from a straight line (average of high and low readings), either positive or negative, where the position of the straight line should be such that the maximum deviation is balanced and minimized.

(XL) "Vaccine" (Category 1) means a biological preparation, approved by the competent national authority

for clinical trials, production or marketing, which can induce a protective immune response in humans or animals to prevent diseases or poisoning caused by the microorganism or toxin.

(XLI) "Explosive" (Categories 1, 2, 3) means a solid, liquid

or gaseous substance or mixture of substances, which requires detonation to function in warheads, demolition and other applications as a primary, booster or main charge.

(XLII) "Payload" (Category 9) means the load that an aircraft can carry

including mission equipment, fuel, passengers, etc.

The total mass that can be carried or delivered by a specific rocket system or "unmanned aerial vehicle" system, not used for maintaining flight. Whether the payload includes specific equipment, subsystems or components depends on the type and configuration of the relevant aircraft.

IV. Units and Symbols Related to the List

The International System of Units (SI) is generally used in this list, with abbreviated symbols (and prefixes for the quantities they represent) as follows:

Unit Symbol Unit Name Quantity Name A Ampere Electric current º Degree Angle ºC Degree Celsius Temperature cm Centimeter Length cm2 Square centimeter Area cm3 Cubic centimeter Volume g Gram Mass g0 Gravitational acceleration (9.80665m/s2) Acceleration GBq Gigabecquerel Activity (radioactive) GPa Gigapascal Pressure Gy Gray Absorbed dose h Hour Time Hz Hertz Frequency J Joule Energy, Work, Heat keV Kiloelectronvolt Energy, Electrical energy kg Kilogram Mass kHz Kilohertz Frequency km Kilometer Length kN Kilonewton Force kPa Kilopascal Pressure kV Kilovolt Electric potential kW Kilowatt Power L Liter Volume (liquid)

MeV Megaelectronvolt Electrical energy mJ Millijoule Energy, Work, Heat MPa Megapascal Pressure MPE Maximum permissible error Length measurement MW Megawatt Power m Meter Length m2 Square meter Area m3 Cubic meter Volume m3/h Cubic meter per hour Flow rate mg/m3 Milligram per cubic meter Concentration (gas)

mA Milliampere Electric current ml Milliliter Volume (liquid)

mm millimeter length mPa millipascal pressure mrad milliradian angle μF microfarad capacitance μm micrometer length μs microsecond time N Newton force nF nanofarad capacitance nH nanohenry inductance nJ nanojoule energy, work, heat nm nanometer length ns nanosecond time Ω ohm resistance Pa pascal pressure ps picosecond time rpm revolutions per minute angular velocity s second time T tesla magnetic flux density tps transactions per second signature/verification rate bps bits per second encryption/decryption rate u atomic mass unit mass at atomic or molecular scale V volt potential W watt power I

Part Two

Table of Contents

Category 1 Special Materials and Related Equipment, Chemicals, Microorganisms and Toxins . 1

1A Systems, Equipment and Components ..............................................................1

1A202 Tubular composite structures possessing either of the following characteristics: .......................1

1A225 Platinum-clad catalysts specially designed or prepared for the recovery of tritium from heavy water or for the production of heavy water, for use in accelerating the isotopic exchange reaction between hydrogen and water. ........................................................................... 1

1A226 Specialized packings, for use in separating heavy water from natural water, possessing either of the following characteristics: ................................................................... 1

1A227 High-density (lead glass or other materials) with all of the following characteristics

Radiation shielding windows, and frames specially designed for them: .............. 1

1B Test, inspection and production equipment ..................................................... 2

1B003 Tooling, dies, fixtures and other process equipment specially designed for "superplastic forming"/"diffusion bonding" of titanium, aluminum and their alloys for the manufacture of any of the following: ....................................................................... 2

1B101 Equipment and related parts, accessories for the production of composite material parts: .......2

1B102 Equipment for the production of atomized or spherical metal powders controlled by 1C111.b in a controlled environment. .......................................................3

1B115 Liquid and solid propellant production equipment: ....................... 3II

1B116 Specially designed nozzles for decomposing reaction gases on injection molds, core molds or other substrates in the temperature range of 1300-2900 °C and pressure range of 130-20000 Pa to produce pyrolytic derivative materials. ........................................................................... 4

1B117 Batch mixers with both of the following characteristics, for the production of items controlled by 1C111.b: ........................................................... 4

1B118 Continuous mixers with both of the following characteristics, for the production of items controlled by 1C111.b: ........................................................... 4

1B119 Fluid energy mills for grinding or pulverizing controlled by 1C111.b. ....4

1B201 Winding machines and associated equipment: ................................................... 4

1B225 Electrolytic cells capable of producing more than 250 g of fluorine per hour. ........................ 5

1B226 Electromagnetic isotope separators designed or equipped for one or more ion sources capable of providing a total ion beam current greater than or equal to 50 mA. . 5

1B228 Hydrogen-cryogenic distillation towers with all of the following characteristics: ......................5

1B229 Water-hydrogen sulfide exchange plate columns and their internal contactors: ......................6

1B230 has all of the following characteristics and is capable of circulating liquid ammonia (KNH2/NH3).

Pump for potassium amide catalyst solutions diluted or concentrated in: ...... 6

1B231 Tritium facilities, plants and equipment: ........................................... 7

1B232 Turbine evaporators or turbine evaporator-compressor units having either of the following characteristics: ....................................................................... 7

1B233 Lithium isotope separation facilities, plants, systems and equipment: ............... 7

1B234 High explosives, designed for testing high explosives or explosive devices, including blast chambers, containers, and other similar containment devices: ....................................................................... 8

1C Materials ......................................................................................8

1C004 Tungsten nickel-iron alloys or tungsten nickel-copper alloys with all of the following characteristics: ...8

1C102 Pyrolytic carbon-carbon composites with multiple impregnations. ..............................8

1C107 Ceramic composite materials with a "dielectric constant" of less than 6 in the frequency range of 100 to 10000 Hz. .......................................................8

1C108 Graphite and articles thereof: ........................................................... 8

1C111 Propellants: ........................................................................ 9

1C117 The following materials: ..................................................................10

1C118 Titanium-stabilized duplex stainless steel having all of the following characteristics: ............. 11

1C202 Aluminium alloys and titanium alloys: ..................................................... 12

1C210 "Fibrous or filamentary materials", prepregs and composite structures: .......... 12

1C216 Maraging steel with a limit tensile strength of 1950 MPa or higher at 20 ℃. .....................................................13

1C225 Boron-10 (10B) isotope enriched to greater than its natural isotopic abundance of various boron materials, including elemental boron, compounds, boron-containing mixtures, and articles made from the foregoing materials, as well as waste or scrap of the foregoing materials and articles. ............................................................................. 13

1C226 Tungsten, tungsten carbide, and alloys containing 90% or more tungsten by weight, with either of the following characteristics: .....................................................13

1C227 Calcium with either of the following characteristics: ......................................... 13IV

1C228 Magnesium with either of the following characteristics: ......................................... 14

1C229 Bismuth with either of the following characteristics: ......................................... 14

1C230 Beryllium metal, alloys with a beryllium content greater than 50% (by weight), beryllium compounds and manufactures thereof, and waste and scrap of the foregoing. ......................................................... 14

1C231 Hafnium metal, alloys with a hafnium content greater than 60% (by weight), hafnium compounds with a hafnium content greater than 60% (by weight) and manufactures thereof, and waste and scrap of the foregoing. .... 14

1C232 Helium-3 (3He), mixtures containing helium-3 and products or equipment containing any of the foregoing. .................................................15

1C233 Lithium-6 isotope (6Li) enriched to greater than its natural isotopic abundance, and products or equipment containing enriched lithium, including lithium metal, alloys, compounds or mixtures containing lithium and manufactures thereof, and waste and scrap of the foregoing. .............................15

1C234 Zirconium and manufactures thereof, with a hafnium content not exceeding 1 part of hafnium to 500 parts of zirconium by weight, including metal, alloys with a zirconium content greater than 50% (by weight), compounds and manufactures thereof, and waste and scrap of the foregoing. .....................................15

1C235 Tritium, tritides and mixtures of tritium with other substances, in which the ratio of tritium to hydrogen atoms exceeds one part in 1,000, and products or equipment containing any of the foregoing. 15

1C236 The following forms are suitable for manufacturing radionuclides for neutron sources based on the α-n reaction: ..................................................................... 16V

1C237 Radium-226 (226Ra), radium-226 alloys, radium-226 compounds, mixtures containing radium-226 and articles of the above materials, as well as products or devices containing any of the above substances. .........................................16

1C238 Chlorine trifluoride (ClF3). .................................................. 17

1C239 High explosives or mixtures containing any of the following substances in excess of 2% by weight: ......................................................... 17

1C240 Nickel powder and porous nickel metal: ................................................. 17

1C241 Rhenium, alloys with a rhenium content greater than or equal to 90% by weight, and alloys with any combination of rhenium and tungsten content greater than or equal to 90% by weight, having both of the following characteristics: ................................ 18

1C350 Chemicals not controlled by 1C450: ................................ 18

1C351 "Pathogenic microorganisms", toxins, their subunits and diagnostic related equipment, and species and subspecies of microorganisms which result from the application of any of the following techniques, and for which no licenses are required for export: ..................................................... 19

1C353 "Genetic material" and "genetically modified organisms": ................................. 24

1C354 "Plant pathogens": ..................................................25

1C450 "Chemical monitoring equipment": .............................................................27

1C501 Tributyl phosphate (CAS 126-73-8). ..............................32

1C901 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibres and their products: ......................... 32

1C902 Samarium related items: ..............................................................33

1C903 Gadolinium related items: ..............................................................34

1C904 Items related to Terbium: ..............................................................34

1C905 Items related to Dysprosium: ..............................................................35VI

1C906 Items related to Lutetium: ..............................................................36

1C907 Items related to Scandium: ..............................................................36

1C908 Items related to Yttrium: ..............................................................37

1D Software ....................................................................................38

1D003 Software specially designed or modified for the research, development, production, or use of items controlled by 1B003. .....................................................38

1D101 Software for the production of composite material parts: ..................................... 38

1D201 Software specially designed for the use of controlled items under 1B201. 38

1E Technology .................................................................................... 38

1E003 Technology for the research, development, production or use of controlled items under 1B003, including design drawings, process specifications, process parameters, processing procedures, simulation data, etc. .........................................39

1E004 Technology and data (including process specifications, process parameters, processing procedures, etc.) for the production of items under 1C004. .................................................39

1E101 The following technologies: ..................................................................39

1E103 Technical data and procedures for adjusting temperature, pressure, and atmosphere in autoclaves and hydraulic presses during the production of composite material parts. .............................39

1E201 For the research, development, production or use of 1A202, 1A225, 1A226, 1A227,

1B201, 1B225, 1B226, 1B228, 1B229, 1B230,

1B231, 1B232, 1B233, 1B234, 1C202, 1C210,

1C216, 1C225, 1C226, 1C227, 1C228, 1C229,

1C230, 1C231, 1C232, 1C233, 1C234, 1C235, VII

1C236, 1C237, 1C238, 1C239, 1C240, 1C241,

Technology for items controlled by 1D201. .................................40

Technology for the research, development, production, or use of items controlled by 1C351, 1C353, or 1C354. .....................................................40

Technology for the research, development, production, or use of items controlled by 1C350.

..................................................................................... 40

Technology for the production of items controlled by 1C901 and their carriers, including design drawings, process specifications, process parameters, processing procedures, simulation data, etc. ..................................................................... 40

Category 2 Materials Processing .................................................................... 41

2A Systems, Equipment, and Components ........................................................... 41

2A225 Crucibles manufactured from materials resistant to liquid actinide metals: .........41

2A226 Valves with all of the following characteristics: ..................................... 42

2A901 Key components for six-sided presses: ................................. 42

2B Test, Inspection, and Production Equipment ................................................... 42

2B005 Microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) equipment specially designed or manufactured with both of the following characteristics: ...................... 42

"Hot Isostatic Presses" having all of the following characteristics: ................. 42

"Hot Isostatic Presses" for chemical vapor deposition furnace for carbon-carbon composite densification. ........43

Pyrolysis deposition and densification process control equipment. ..................... 43

Machine tools and any combination thereof for cutting or machining metals, ceramics or composites, and, according to the manufacturer's technical instructions, capable of "contouring control" along 2 or more axes simultaneously: .43

"Hot Isostatic Presses" and associated equipment not controlled by 2B104:

..................................................................................... 46

Dimensional inspection equipment, apparatus or systems: ..................................... 46

"Robots", "end effectors" and controllers: ....................... 48

Roll forming machines, spin-forming machines with spin-forming capabilities and mandrels: ..................................................................... 51

Vibration test systems, equipment, components: ................................. 51

Static or portable, horizontal or vertical centrifugal balancing machines: .52

Remote manipulators for remote operation for radiochemical separation operations or hot cells, having any of the following characteristics: .........................52

Induction furnaces for controlled atmosphere (vacuum or inert gas) and their power supplies:

..................................................................................... 52

Vacuum furnaces or other controlled atmosphere metallurgical melting furnaces and associated equipment: .53

2B228 Rotor manufacturing or assembly equipment, rotor straightening equipment, and mandrels and dies for bellows forming boxes: .....................................................54

2B230 Pressure sensors of all types with all of the following characteristics: .....54

2B231 Vacuum pumps with all of the following characteristics: ................................. 55

2B232 Gun systems (propellant, gas, coil, electromagnetic, electrothermal, or other advanced systems) capable of accelerating a projectile to 1.5 km/s or greater. ......................................................... 55

2B233 Bellows-sealed scroll compressor and bellows-sealed scroll vacuum pump with all of the following characteristics: .................................................55

2B350 Chemical production equipment: ............................................ 56

2B351 Dedicated toxic gas monitors and monitoring systems: ................................. 61

2B352 Biological material processing equipment: ................................................. 61

2B901 Six-sided top press equipment specially designed or manufactured with the function of synchronous pressurization of six faces in X/Y/Z three axes, having any of the following characteristics: ............ 64

2C Materials ....................................................................................65

2C901 Diamond window material: ..................................................... 65

2D Software ....................................................................................65

2D101 Software specially designed for controlled items in 2B117. ........ 65

2D201 Software for use with 2B204, 2B206, 2B207, 2B209, 2B210.a,

Software specially designed or modified for equipment controlled by items 2B210.b, 2B210.d, 2B210.e, 2B219, 2B227. .........................65

Software specially designed or modified for the research and development, production, or use of equipment controlled by item 2B201. .................................................65

Software for any combination of electronic devices or systems to enable them to function as a machine tool "NC" unit, i.e., capable of controlling 5 or more interpolating axes for coordinated "form control" simultaneously. ............................. 66

2E Technology .................................................................................... 66

2E201 For the research and development, production, or use of 2A225, 2A226, 2B201, 2B204,

2B206, 2B207, 2B209, 2B210, 2B219, 2B225,

2B226, 2B227, 2B228, 2B230, 2B231, 2B232, X

Technology for items controlled by 2B233, 2D201, 2D202, 2D203............................................................................. 66

2E301 Technology for the research, development, production or use of items controlled by 2B352.

..................................................................................... 66

2E302 Technology for the research, development, production or use of items controlled by 2B350, 2B351.................................................................... 66

2E901 The following technologies: ..................................................................66

Category 3 Electronic ............................................................................ 68

3A Systems, equipment and components ........................................................... 68

3A101 Analog-to-digital converters with either of the following characteristics: ........................68

3A201 Capacitors, magnets and accelerators: ..................................... 68

3A225 Frequency converters or generators with all of the following characteristics, usable as variable or fixed frequency motor drives: .................... 70

3A226 High-power DC power supplies with either of the following characteristics: .................71

3A227 High-voltage DC power supplies with either of the following characteristics: .....................71

3A228 Switchgear: ................................................................. 71

3A229 Igniters and equivalent high-current pulse generators: .....................72

3A230 High-speed pulse generators and their "pulse heads" having both of the following characteristics:

..................................................................................... 73

3A231 Neutron generator systems (including neutron tubes) having both of the following characteristics:

..................................................................................... 73

3A232 Detonators and multi-point initiation systems: ............................................. 73

3A233 Mass spectrometers capable of measuring ions of not less than 230 u, with a resolution greater than 2/230, and their ion sources: .................................................74

3A234 Strip line having both of the following characteristics, providing a low inductance path to a detonator: ............................................................................ 75

3B Test, inspection and production equipment ................................................... 75

3C Materials ....................................................................................75

3C001 Gallium-related items: ..............................................................75

3C002 Germanium-related items: ..............................................................76

3C003 Antimony-related items: ..............................................................76

3C004 Indium-related items: ..............................................................77

3D Software ....................................................................................77

3D224 Software or encryption keys/codes specifically designed to enhance or enable the performance characteristics of controlled items in 3A225, so that they reach or exceed the controlled characteristics of 3A225. ........................................77

3D225 Software specifically designed to enhance or enable the performance characteristics of controlled items in 3A225. ......................................................... 77

3E Technology .................................................................................... 77

3E003 Gold-antimony smelting and separation technology. ..................................................77

3E004 Technology and data (including process specifications, process parameters, processing procedures, etc.) for the production of items in 3C004. .................................................77

3E201 For the research, development, production, or use of 3A201, 3A225, 3A226, 3A227,

3A228, 3A229, 3A230, 3A231, 3A232, 3A233,

3A234, 3D224, 3D225 items. ...78XII

Category 4 Computers ........................................................................ 79

4A Systems, equipment and components ........................................................... 79

4A003 High-performance "digital computers", electronic components and related equipment: ..... 79

4A101 Analog or digital computing devices having any of the following characteristics:

..................................................................................... 81

4A102 Hybrid (analog/digital combination) computers specifically designed for the modeling, simulation, or overall design of missile, rocket systems. ........................... 82

4B Test, inspection, and production equipment ................................................... 82

4C Materials ....................................................................................82

4D Software ....................................................................................82

4D102 Software specifically designed for modeling, simulation, or overall design of missile and rocket systems. ................................................................. 82

4E Technology .................................................................................... 82

Category 5 Telecommunications and Information Security ........................................................ 83

Category 5 Part 1 Telecommunications ........................................................ 83

5A1 Systems, Equipment, and Components ......................................................... 83

5A101 Telemetry equipment, and ground equipment for telemetry or remote control. .............83

5B1 Test, inspection and production equipment ................................................. 83

5C1 Materials ..................................................................................83

5D1 Software ..................................................................................83

5E1 Technology .................................................................................. 83

5E101 Technology for the research, development, production, or use of technology controlled by 5A101.

XIII..................................................................................... 83

Category 5, Part 2 Information Security ................................................ 83

5A2 Systems, Equipment and Components ......................................... 83

5A002 Information security systems, equipment and components therefor: .............................83

5A004 Analyzers, designed or modified for breaking, weakening or bypassing cryptographic techniques, products or systems (cryptanalysis equipment). .....................................85

5B2 Test, inspection and production equipment ................................................. 85

5B002 Information security test, inspection and production equipment: ......................... 85

5C2 Materials ..................................................................................85

5D2 Software ..................................................................................85

5D002 Software specially designed or modified for the development, production, or use of 5A002, 5A004, and 5B002. .................................................86

5E2 Technology .................................................................................. 86

5E002 Technology specially designed or modified for the development, production, or use of 5A002, 5A004, 5B002, and 5D002. .....................................86

Category 6 Sensors and Lasers ........................................................ 87

6A Systems, Equipment and Components ........................................................... 87

6A102 Apparatus that can be used to protect re-entry vehicles from the combined effects of electromagnetic pulse, X-rays, shock waves, and thermal radiation: .................... 87

6A108 Target detection electronic apparatus and components: ..................................... 87

6A202 Photomultiplier tubes with the following characteristics: .........................87

6A203 High-speed cameras and imaging devices and their components: .............................88XIV

6A205 Lasers, laser amplifiers, and oscillators: .............................89

6A225 Interferometers for measuring velocities exceeding 1 km/s in time intervals of less than 10 µs. ......................................................... 91

6A226 Pressure transducer: ............................................................. 92

6B Test, examination and production equipment ................................................... 92

6C Materials ....................................................................................92

6C001 Bismuth-related items: ..............................................................92

6C002 Tellurium-related items: ..............................................................92

6D Software ....................................................................................93

6D203 Software or cryptographic keys/codes, specially designed to enhance or enable the performance characteristics of items controlled by 6A203.a, 6A203.b, or 6A203.c, so that they can achieve or exceed the controlled characteristics of 6A203.a, 6A203.b, or 6A203.c. ....................................................93

ML6D204 Software or encryption keys/codes specially designed to enhance or enable the performance characteristics of items controlled by ML6A203.a, ML6A203.b, or ML6A203.c.

..................................................................................... 93

6E Technology .................................................................................... 93

6E001 Technology and data for the production of 6C001 items (including process specifications, process parameters, processing procedures, etc.). .............................................93

6E002 Technology and data for the production of 6C002 items (including process specifications, process parameters, processing procedures, etc.). .................................................93

6E201 Technology for the research, development, production or use of 6A202, 6A203, 6A205, 6A225, XV

Technology for items controlled by 6A226, 6D203, 6D204. ...93

Category 7 Navigation and Avionics ........................................................ 94

7A Systems, equipment and components ........................................................... 94

7A101 Accelerometers with a proportion error of less than 0.25%. ..........................94

7A102 Gyroscopes with a rated "drift rate" of less than 0.5 º/h. .....................94

7A103 Guidance, control system equipment, components: ................................. 94

7A104 Astro-gyroscopic compasses and other devices for navigation by celestial bodies or artificial satellites. ..................................................................... 94

7A105 Specially designed navigation information processors. ................................. 95

7A106 Altimeters for target detection. ......................................... 95

7B Test, inspection and production equipment ................................................... 95

7B101 Accelerometer test equipment: ................................................. 95

7B102 Gyro and inertia test equipment: ............................................. 95

7B103 Test, calibration, and alignment equipment specifically designed for gyros or accelerometers. ............................................................................. 96

7C Materials ....................................................................................96

7D Software ....................................................................................96

7D101 Flight control software and test software. ..................................... 96

Software specifically designed for 7A105 controlled items. ........96

7E Technology .................................................................................... 96

7E102 Design techniques for protecting electronic equipment and electrical systems from external electromagnetic pulse and electromagnetic interference hazards: .....................................96XVI

Category 8 Ships ............................................................................ 98

8A Systems, Equipment, and Components ........................................................... 98

8A901 Dredgers: ..................................................................... 98

8B Test, Inspection, and Production Equipment ................................................... 99

8C Materials ....................................................................................99

8D Software ....................................................................................99

8E Technology .................................................................................... 99

Category 9 Aerospace and Propulsion ...................................................... 100

9A Systems, Equipment and Components ......................................................... 100

9A012 "Unmanned aerial vehicles" "unmanned airships" and related equipment and components: ....................................................................... 100

9A101 Turbojet and turbofan engines not controlled by 9A012.b: ................................................................... 103

9A106 Liquid and suspended propellant control systems, and specially designed components therefor, capable of operating in vibration environments of 20 to 2000 Hz and with acceleration greater than 10 g RMS (root mean square) when designed or modified for operation in such environments: ................................................................... 103

9A111 Ramjet, scramjet, pulsejet, combined cycle engines and their associated combustion control devices: .......................................103

9A501 "Unmanned aerial vehicles" not controlled by 9A012: .......... 104

9B Test, inspection and production equipment ................................................. 105

9B001 Equipment for the manufacture of gas turbine engines/turbofans: ..........105XVII

9B004 Tooling, dies, fixtures, and other process equipment specially designed for solid-state joining of "superalloy", titanium alloy, or intermetal compound materials for gas turbine engines/turbofans. .............. 105

9B105 Wind tunnels capable of simulating speeds of Mach 1.4 to Mach 5, and wind tunnels capable of simulating speeds of Mach 5 to Mach 15. ....................................................................... 105

9B116 Production facilities specially designed for 9A101, 9A106, 9A111.

................................................................................... 105

9B117 Test stands with either of the following characteristics, for missile or rocket engine testing: ............................................................... 105

9C Materials ..................................................................................106

9C110 Structural composite materials, including composite structural parts, laminates and products, and prepregs and preforms made from fibers and yarns reinforced with resin or metal matrices, where the "specific tensile strength" of the reinforcing material exceeds 7.62 × 10^4 m and the "specific modulus" exceeds

3.18×106 m: .............................................................106

9C116 Ceramic or ablative heat-shielding materials: ........................................... 106

9D Software ..................................................................................106

9D001 Software specially designed or modified for the research, development, production or use of items controlled by 9B001 or 9B004. ...........................................107

9E Technology .................................................................................. 107

9E001 Technology for the research, development, production, or use of items controlled by 9B001 and 9B004, including design drawings, process specifications, process parameters, manufacturing processes, simulation data, etc. ...............................107

9E101 Technology for the research, development, production of re-entry vehicle components and parts: 107

Category 0 Other Items .................................................................. 108

0A Systems, Equipment, and Components ......................................................... 108

0A901 "High-pressure water cannons" with all of the following characteristics: ....................... 108

0A902 "Main components and associated equipment" specially designed for the items controlled by 0A901. ................................................................... 108

0A903 Civil unmanned aerial vehicle systems: ...............................108

0B Test, inspection and production equipment ................................................. 109

0B901 "Moulds" specially designed for the fabrication of aerospace vehicle face-skin panels. ............... 109

0C Materials ..................................................................................109

0D Software ..................................................................................109

0D901 Software specifically designed or modified for the research, development, production, or use of controlled items of category 0B901. ...................................................109

0E Technology .................................................................................. 109

0E901 Technology for the research, development, production, or use of controlled items of category 0B901 and their carriers, including design drawings, process specifications, process parameters, manufacturing procedures, simulation data, etc. .......................................109

Category 1: Specialized materials and related equipment, chemicals, microorganisms, and

Toxins

1A Systems, equipment, and components

1A202 Tubular composite structures, having either of the following characteristics:

a. Inner diameter of 75 mm to 400 mm; and

b. Manufactured from any of the "fibrous or filamentary materials" controlled by 1C210.a or resin-impregnated carbon fiber materials controlled by 1C210.c.

1A225 Platinized catalyst specially designed or prepared for the exchange reaction of hydrogen and water to recover tritium from heavy water or to produce heavy water.

1A226 Packed columns, having either of the following characteristics, for the separation of heavy water from natural water:

a. Made from phosphor-bronze mesh with a chemically treated surface to improve wettability;

b. Designed for vacuum distillation towers.

1A227 High-density (lead glass or other materials) radiation shielding windows with all of the following characteristics, and frames specifically designed for them:

a. "Cold zone" greater than 0.09 m2;

b. Density greater than 3 g/cm3;

c. Thickness greater than or equal to 100 mm.

Technical note: In 1A227.a, "cold zone" means the visible area of the window designed in the application to be exposed to the lowest radiation level.

1B Test, inspection, and production equipment

1B003 Tooling, dies, moulds and fixtures specially designed for the "superplastic forming"/"diffusion bonding" of titanium, aluminium and their alloys to produce any of the following:

a. Aircraft or spacecraft structural components;

b. Aircraft engines or spacecraft engines;

c. Components specially designed for aircraft structure or spacecraft structure;

d. Components specially designed for aircraft engines or spacecraft engines.

Technical Note:

1. "Superplastic forming" is a forming process utilizing the high tensile elongation and low strain rate sensitivity of metallic materials exhibiting superplasticity at a specific temperature and strain rate, to form sheet metal into desired shapes in a mould cavity.

2. "Diffusion bonding" refers to a forming process in which two material surfaces in contact are brought close to each other under the action of temperature and pressure, causing local plastic deformation, mutual diffusion of atoms, and the formation of a diffusion layer at the interface contact, thereby achieving a reliable connection.

1B101 Equipment and related components, accessories for producing composite material parts:

a. Three-axis or multi-axis coordinated and programmed controlled filament winding machines and computers specially designed for them;

b. "CNC" and programmed controlled tape laying machines with two or more axes;

c. Complete sets of accessories and modification accessories for fiber structure composite weaving machines;

d. Equipment for producing polymer fibers (e.g., polyacrylonitrile, rayon, and polycarbosilane), including specialized equipment for applying tension to the fibers during heating;

e. Equipment for vapor deposition of elements and compounds on heated fiber matrices;

f. Wet spinning equipment for refractory ceramics (e.g., alumina);

g. Equipment for the special treatment of fiber surfaces;

h. Equipment for the production of prepregs and preforms;

i. Injection molds, core molds, compression molds, and tooling fixtures for pressurizing, curing, casting, hot pressing, or bonding preforms for composite structural parts, laminates, and products.

1B102 Equipment for producing atomized or spherical metal powders controlled by 1C111.b in a controlled environment.

1B115 Equipment for the production of liquid and solid propellants:

a. Equipment for the production of liquid propellants controlled by 1C111.a:

1. Storage and transport equipment;

2. Preparation equipment;

3. Acceptance test equipment;

b. Equipment for the production of solid propellants controlled by 1C111.b:

1. Storage and transport equipment;

2. Curing equipment;

3. Casting equipment;

4. Pressing equipment;

5. Acceptance test equipment;

6. Machining equipment;

7. Pultrusion equipment.

1B116 Specially designed nozzles for use in the process of decomposing reactive gases on molds, mandrels or other substrates to produce pyrolytic derived materials, in the temperature range of 1300 to 2900 K and a pressure range of 130 to 20000 Pa.

1B117 Batch mixers, with either of the following characteristics, for the production of items controlled by 1C111.b:

a. Total capacity greater than 110 L;

b. Equipped with at least one offset agitator shaft.

1B118 Continuous mixers, for the production of items controlled by 1C111.b, having either of the following characteristics:

a. Having two or more agitator shafts;

b. Having an openable agitator chamber.

1B119 Fluid energy mills for the production of items controlled by 1C111.b.

1B201 Winding machines and related equipment:

a. Winding machines having all of the following characteristics:

1. Having positioning, winding and coiling capabilities, adjustable and programmable on 2 or more axes;

2. Composite structures or layered products specially designed for the manufacture of fiber and filament materials;

3. Capable of winding cylindrical tubes with an inner diameter of 75-650 mm and a length greater than or equal to 300 mm;

b. Control and programming controllers for the winding machines controlled by 1B201.a;

c. Precision mandrels for the winding machines controlled by 1B201.a.

1B225 Electrolytic cells capable of producing more than 250 g of fluorine per hour.

1B226 Electromagnetic isotope separators designed or equipped for one or more ion sources, capable of providing a total ion beam current greater than or equal to 50 mA.

Note:

1. Separators controlled by 1B226 capable of enriching stable isotopes and uranium isotopes.

Separators capable of separating lead isotopes with a mass difference of one unit shall be capable of enriching uranium isotopes with a mass difference of three units.

2. Separators controlled by 1B226 where the ion source and collector are within the magnetic field, and separators where both are located outside the magnetic field.

Technical note: A single 50 mA ion source can separate less than 3g of highly enriched uranium (HEU) per year from a feed of natural abundance.

1B228 Hydrogen cryogenic distillation tower with all of the following characteristics:

a. Internal temperature during operation is less than or equal to -238 ℃;

b. Internal pressure during operation is 0.5-5 MPa (5-50 atmospheres);

c. Made of any of the following materials:

1. Made of austenitic 300 series stainless steel with low sulfur content and grain level 5 or higher according to ASTM standards (or equivalent national standards) by the Society of Automotive Engineers International;

2. Equivalent materials that are cryogenic resistant and compatible with hydrogen (H2);

d. Inner diameter is greater than or equal to 30 cm, and "effective length" is greater than or equal to 4 m.

Technical note: "Effective length" refers to the effective height of the packing material in a packed tower or the effective height of the internal contact trays in a tray tower.

1B229 Water-hydrogen sulfide exchange plate tower and its internal contactor:

Note: Exchange towers specially designed or equipped for the production of heavy water are controlled according to the "List of Controlled Nuclear Export Items of the People's Republic of China".

a. Water-hydrogen sulfide exchange plate tower with all of the following characteristics:

1. Standard working pressure can be greater than or equal to 2 MPa;

2. Made of austenitic fine-grained carbon steel with a grain size of level 5 or above according to ASTM standards (or equivalent national standards);

3. Diameter greater than or equal to 1.8 m;

b. Internal contactors for water-hydrogen sulfide exchange plate towers controlled by item 1B229.a.

Technical note: The internal contactors of the tower are various sieve plates, with an effective assembled diameter greater than or equal to

1.8 m, designed for counter-current contact, and made of stainless steel resistant to hydrogen sulfide and water mixture corrosion with a carbon content of less than or equal to 0.03%. These contactors may be sieve trays, float valve trays, bubble cap trays, or grid trays.

1B230 Pumps capable of circulating potassium amide catalyst solutions, diluted or concentrated, in:

a. hermetically sealed (i.e., sealed);

a．气密的（即密封的）；

b. Capacity greater than 8.5 m3/h;

c. Having any of the following characteristics:

1. Potassium amide solution for enrichment (greater than or equal to 1%), working pressure of 1.5-60 MPa (15-600 atm);

2. Potassium amide solution for dilution (less than 1%), working pressure of 20-60 MPa (200-600 atm).

1B231 Tritium facilities, plants and equipment:

a. Facilities or plants for the production, recovery, extraction, enrichment or processing of tritium;

b. Equipment for tritium facilities or plants:

1. Refrigeration units for hydrogen or helium capable of cooling to -250 ℃ or lower, with a cooling capacity greater than 150 W;

2. Hydrogen isotope storage systems and purification systems using metal hydrides as storage or purification media.

1B232 Turbo-expanders or turbo-expander-compressor units with both of the following characteristics:

a. Outlet temperature during operation is less than or equal to -238 ℃;

b. Throughput of hydrogen is greater than or equal to 1000 kg/h.

1B233 Lithium isotope separation facilities, plants, systems and equipment:

Note: Certain lithium isotope separation equipment and components in plasma separation processes that can be directly used for uranium enrichment separation are controlled according to the "List of Controlled Nuclear Export Items of the People's Republic of China".

a. Lithium isotope separation facilities or plants;

b. Lithium isotope separation equipment based on the lithium-mercury amalgam process:

1. Packed columns for liquid-liquid exchange specifically designed for lithium amalgam;

2. Pumps for mercury or lithium amalgam;

3. Electrolytic cells for lithium amalgam;

4. Evaporators for concentrating lithium hydroxide solutions;

c. Ion exchange systems specifically designed for lithium isotope separation, and specially designed components therefor;

d. Chemical exchange systems (using crown ethers, cryptands and calixarenes) specifically designed for lithium isotope separation, and specially designed components therefor.

1B234 High explosive containment chambers, blast chambers, containers and other similar containment devices designed for testing high explosives or explosive devices, having both of the following characteristics:

a. Designed to fully contain an "explosive" with an explosive equivalence greater than or equal to 2 kg of TNT;

b. Having design elements or features capable of transmitting diagnostic or measurement information in real time or with a delay.

1C Materials

1C004 Tungsten-nickel-iron alloys or tungsten-nickel-copper alloys having all of the following characteristics:

a. Density greater than 17.5 g/cm3;

b. Elastic limit exceeding 800 MPa;

c. Ultimate tensile strength greater than 1270 MPa;

d. Elongation greater than 8%.

1C102 Pyrolytic carbon-carbon composites with multiple impregnations.

1C107 Ceramic composites with a "dielectric constant" of less than 6 in the frequency range of 100 to 10000 Hz.

1C108 Graphite and its products:

a. Synthetic fine-grained isotropic graphite having all of the following characteristics:

1. Density greater than 1.72 g/cm3;

2. "Tensile fracture strain" greater than or equal to 0.7%;

3. "Coefficient of thermal expansion" less than or equal to 2.75×10-6/℃;

b. Synthetic graphite materials and articles thereof having all of the following characteristics:

1. Purity greater than 99.9%;

2. Flexural strength greater than 30 Mpa;

3. Density greater than 1.73 g/cm3;

c. Natural flake graphite and articles thereof (including spherical graphite, expandable graphite, etc.).

1C111 Propellants:

a. Liquid propellants:

1. Hydrazine with a purity greater than 70%;

2. Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine;

3. Monomethylhydrazine;

4. Amine mixtures;

5. Dinitrogen tetroxide;

6. Red fuming nitric acid;

b. Solid propellants and their components:

1. Composed of particles with a size less than 500 μm, whether spherical, ellipsoidal, atomized, flaky, or ground, and containing 97% or more by weight of any of the following metals or their alloys:

Metal powders of:

a. Zirconium;

b. Boron;

c. Magnesium;

d. Titanium;

e. Uranium;

f. Tungsten;

g. Zinc;

h. Cerium;

2. Ammonium perchlorate (perchlorate) in spherical form with a particle size less than 500 μm;

3. Spherical aluminum powder having all of the following characteristics:

a. Uniform particle size;

b. Aluminum content greater than or equal to 97% by weight;

c. Particle size less than 500 μm;

4. Boron slurry with an energy density greater than 40×106 J/kg;

5. Nitramines:

a. HMX (Cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine);

b. RDX (Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine);

6. Composite propellants:

a. Pressed gel propellants;

b. Propellants containing nitramine bonding agents and more than 5% aluminum powder;

7. Polymers:

a. Carboxyl-terminated polybutadiene (CTPB);

b. Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB);

8. Triethylamine igniters.

1C117 The following materials:

b. Molybdenum and alloys in particulate form with a molybdenum content (by weight) greater than or equal to 97% and a particle size less than or equal to 50×10-6 m (50 μm), for use in missile components;

c. Solid tungsten with all of the following characteristics, for the manufacture of missile components:

1. Solid tungsten with any of the following characteristics (excluding granules, powders):

a. Tungsten and tungsten alloys with a tungsten content of 97% or more by weight, not controlled by ML1C226 or ML1C241;

b. Tungsten-copper with a tungsten content of 80% or more by weight;

c. Tungsten-silver with a tungsten content of 80% or more by weight (silver content of 2% or more);

2. Capable of being machined into any of the following products:

a. Cylinders with a diameter of 120 mm or more and a length of 50 mm or more;

b. Pipes with an inner diameter greater than or equal to 65 mm, a wall thickness greater than or equal to 25 mm, and a length greater than or equal to 50 mm;

c. Blocks with dimensions greater than or equal to 120 mm x 120 mm x 50 mm;

d. Tungsten-related materials:

1. Ammonium paratungstate;

2. Tungsten oxides;

3. Tungsten carbides not controlled by 1C226.

1C118 Titanium-stabilized duplex stainless steel having all of the following characteristics:

a. Chromium content of 17% to 26.5% by weight and nickel content of 4.5% to 7% by weight;

b. Ferritic-austenitic microstructure (also known as "duplex" microstructure) with an austenite volume percentage greater than or equal to 10%;

c. Having any of the following shapes:

1. Ingots or bars with dimensions greater than or equal to 100 mm in each dimension;

2. Plates with a width greater than or equal to 600 mm and a thickness less than or equal to 3 mm;

3. Tubes with an outer diameter greater than or equal to 600 mm and a wall thickness less than or equal to 3 mm.

1C202 Aluminum alloys and titanium alloys:

a. Aluminum alloys with the following two characteristics:

1. Ultimate tensile strength can reach 460 MPa or higher at 20 ℃;

2. Tubes or cylindrical solid bars with an outer diameter greater than 75 mm (including forgings);

b. Titanium alloys with the following two characteristics:

1. Ultimate tensile strength can reach 900 MPa or higher at 20 ℃;

2. Tubes or cylindrical solid bars with an outer diameter greater than 75 mm (including forgings).

Technical Note: The "ability" described in 1C202 refers to alloys that can achieve specific indicators both before and after heat treatment.

1C210 "Fibrous or filamentary materials", prepregs, and composite structures:

a. Carbon or aromatic polyamide "fibrous or filamentary materials" with any of the following characteristics:

1. "Specific modulus" greater than or equal to 1.27×107 m;

2. "Specific tensile strength" greater than or equal to 2.35×105 m;

Note: 1C210.a does not control aromatic polyamide "fibrous or filamentary materials" with a surface modification of ester groups of 0.25% or more by weight.

b. Glass "fibers or filaments" having either of the following characteristics:

1. A "specific modulus" greater than or equal to 3.18 × 10^6 m;

2. A "specific tensile strength" greater than or equal to 7.62 × 10^4 m;

c. Continuous filaments, tows, yarns or tapes, not exceeding 15 mm in width, made from carbon or glass "fibers or filaments" controlled by 1C210.a or 1C210.b and impregnated with thermosetting resin (prepregs).

Technical Note: The matrix of composite materials is made of resin.

1C216 Maraging steels having a tensile strength of 1950 MPa or more at 20 °C.

Note: 1C216 does not control maraging steels with all linear dimensions equal to or less than 75 mm.

Technical Note: "Having" in 1C216 refers to maraging steels that can achieve the specified characteristics either before or after heat treatment.

1C225 Boron-10 (10B) enriched to a concentration greater than its natural isotopic abundance of all boron materials, including elemental boron, compounds, mixtures containing boron, and such manufactured products, as well as waste or scrap of the foregoing: .

Note: Mixtures containing boron controlled by 1C225 include boron-ated materials.

Technical Note: The natural isotopic abundance weight percent of Boron-10 is approximately 18.5 (atomic percent is 20).

1C226 Tungsten, tungsten carbide, and alloys containing 90% or more tungsten by weight, with the following two characteristics:

a. Inner diameter of 100 mm to 300 mm, in the form of a hollow cylindrical symmetric body (including segments of cylindrical sectors);

b. Weighing more than 20 kg.

Description: 1C226 Tungsten products specially designed for use as counterweights or gamma-ray collimators.

1C227 Calcium with either of the following characteristics:

a. Less than 0.001 (by weight) of metallic impurities (excluding magnesium);

b. Less than 0.00001 (by weight) of boron.

1C228 Magnesium with either of the following characteristics:

a. Less than 0.0002 (by weight) of metallic impurities (excluding calcium);

b. Boron content is less than one part in 100,000 (by weight).

1C229 Bismuth having either of the following characteristics:

a. Purity greater than or equal to 99.99% (by weight);

b. Silver content is less than one part in 100,000 (by weight).

1C230 Beryllium metal, alloys with a beryllium content greater than 50% (by weight), beryllium compounds and fabricated items thereof, and any waste or scrap of any of the foregoing.

Notes:

1C230 The following materials are not controlled:

1. Metal windows for X-ray machines or borehole logging devices;

2. Beryllium oxide products or semi-finished products specially designed for electronic components or as substrates for electronic circuits;

3. Beryl or aquamarine in the form of beryl (silicates of beryllium and aluminum).

1C231 Hafnium metal, alloys with a hafnium content greater than 60% by weight, hafnium compounds with a hafnium content greater than 60% by weight, and manufactures thereof, as well as waste or scrap of the above materials and manufactures.

1C232 Helium-3 (3He), mixtures containing helium-3, and products or devices containing either of the foregoing.

Note: 1C232 does not control products or devices containing less than 1 g of helium-3.

1C233 Lithium-6 isotope (6Li) enriched to greater than its natural isotopic abundance, and products or devices containing enriched lithium, including lithium metal, alloys, compounds, or mixtures containing lithium, and manufactures thereof, and waste or scrap of the foregoing.

Note: 1C233 does not control thermoluminescent dosimeters.

Technical Note: The weight percentage of natural isotopic abundance of lithium-6 is approximately 6.5% (atomic percentage is 7.5%).

1C234 Zirconium and zirconium products, in which the ratio of hafnium to zirconium is less than 1:500 (by weight), including metal, alloys, compounds, and manufactures thereof, and waste or scrap of the foregoing.

Note: Items 1C234 are not controlled if the thickness is 0.1 mm or less for zirconium foil.

1C235 Tritium, tritides, and mixtures containing tritium with a tritium-hydrogen atom ratio exceeding one part in a thousand, as well as products and devices containing any of the above.

Note: Item 1C235 does not control products or devices containing less than 1.48×10³ GBq of tritium (in any form).

1C236 Radionuclides in the following forms suitable for the manufacture of neutron sources based on α-n reactions:

Actinium-225, Curium-244, Polonium-209, Actinium-227, Einsteinium-253, Polonium-210, Californium-253, Einsteinium-254, Radium-223, Curium-240, Gadolinium-148, Thorium-227, Curium-241, Plutonium-236, Thorium-228, Curium-242, Plutonium-238, Uranium-230, Curium-243, Polonium-208, Uranium-232

a. Elemental substances;

b. Compounds containing any of these radionuclides with a total activity of 37 GBq/kg or more;

c. Mixtures containing any of these radionuclides with a total activity of 37 GBq/kg or more;

d. Products or devices containing any of the above substances.

Note: Items 1C236 are not controlled if the products or devices contain less than 3.7 GBq of activity.

1C237 Radium-226 (226Ra), Radium-226 alloys, Radium-226 compounds, mixtures containing Radium-226, and products made from the above materials, as well as products or devices containing any of the above substances.

Note:

Items 1C237 are not controlled for the following:

1. Radium applicators for medical use;

2. Products or devices containing less than 0.37 GBq of radium-226 in any form.

1C238 Chlorine trifluoride (ClF3).

1C239 High explosives or mixtures thereof containing any of the following substances in excess of 2% (by weight):

a. Cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine (HMX) (CAS 2691-41-0);

b. Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) (CAS 121-82-4);

c. Triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB) (CAS 3058-38-6);

d. 4,6-Dinitro-2,4,6-triazidopyrimidine (DATP) (CAS 2691-41-0);

e. 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (DADE or FOX7) (CAS 145250-81-3);

f. 2,4-dinitroimidazole (DNI) (CAS 5213-49-0);

g. Diamino-azoxyfurazan (DAAOF or DAAF) (CAS 78644-89-0);

h. Diaminotrinitrobenzene (DATB) (CAS 1630-08-6);

i. Dinitroglycoluril (DNGU or DINGU) (CAS 55510-04-8);

j. 2,6-bis(picrylamino)-3,5-dinitropyridine (PYX) (CAS 38082-89-2);

k. 3,3'-diamino-2,2',4,4',6,6'-hexanitrobiphenyl or dipicramide (DIPAM) (CAS 17215-44-0);

l. Diaminoazoxyfurazan (DAAzF) (CAS 78644-90-3);

m. 1,4,5,8-Tetranitropyridazino[4,5-d]pyridazine (TNP) (CAS 229176-04-9);

n. Hexanitrostilbene (HNS) (CAS 20062-22-0);

o. Various "explosives" with a crystal density greater than 1.8 g/cm3 and a detonation velocity exceeding 8000 m/s.

1C240 Nickel powder and porous nickel metal:

Note: Nickel powder specially prepared for the manufacture of gas diffusion membranes is controlled according to the "Nuclear Export Control List of the People's Republic of China".

a. Nickel powder with the following two characteristics:

1. Nickel purity greater than or equal to 99% (by weight);

2. Average particle size measured by ASTM B330 or equivalent national standard is less than 10 µm;

b. Sintered nickel metal produced from materials controlled by 1C240.a.

Note:

1C240 does not control the following materials:

1. Nickel powder in filament form;

2. Single plates of sintered nickel metal with an area less than or equal to 1000 cm2.

Technical Note: 1C240.b refers to metal, formed by pressing and sintering the material controlled by 1C240.a, into a whole structure with many interconnected pores.

Alloys of rhenium, with either a rhenium content greater than or equal to 90% (by weight) or alloys of rhenium and tungsten in any combination with a total content greater than or equal to 90% (by weight):

a. Inner diameter of 100 to 300 mm, in the form of a hollow cylindrical symmetrical body (including a sector of a cylindrical body);

b. Weight greater than 20 kg.

1C350 Chemicals not controlled by 1C450:

a. Hydrogen fluoride (CAS 7664-39-3) (also known as hydrofluoric acid);

b. Potassium fluoride (CAS 7789-23-3);

c. Sodium fluoride (CAS 7681-49-4);

d. Sodium sulfide (CAS 1313-82-2);

e. Potassium hydrogen fluoride (CAS 7789-29-9);

f. Sodium hydrogen fluoride (CAS 1333-83-1);

g. Ammonium hydrogen fluoride (CAS 1341-49-7);

h. Diisopropylamine (CAS 108-18-9);

i. 2-Diethylaminoethanol (CAS 100-37-8) (also known as N,N-Diethylethanolamine);

j. 2-Chloroethanol (CAS 107-07-3);

k. Potassium perchlorate (CAS 7778-74-7).

Technical Note: CAS is the abbreviation for Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number.

1C351 "Human pathogens", zoonotic "pathogens", toxins and sub-units, animal "pathogens":

a. Viruses:

1. Chikungunya virus;

2. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (also known as Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever virus)

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (syn. Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever virus);

3. Dengue virus;

4. Eastern equine encephalitis virus;

5. Ebola virus;

6. Hantaan virus;

7. Junin virus;

8. Lassa fever virus;

9. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus;

10．马秋波病毒 Machupo virus；

11. Marburg virus;

12. Monkey pox virus;

13. Rift Valley fever virus;

14. Tick-borne encephalitis virus (also known as Russian Spring-Summer encephalitis virus);

15. Variola virus;

16. Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus;

17. Western equine encephalitis virus;

18. White pox;

19. Yellow fever virus;

20. Japanese encephalitis virus (also known as Type B encephalitis virus) Japanese encephalitisvirus;

21. Kyasanur Forest virus Kyasanur Forest virus;

22. Louping ill virus Louping ill virus;

23. Murray Valley encephalitis virus Murray Valley encephalitis virus;

24. Omsk haemorrhagic fever virus;

25. Oropouche virus;

26. Powassan virus;

27. Rocio virus;

28. St Louis encephalitis virus;

29. Hendra virus (syn. Equine morbillivirus);

30. South American haemorrhagic fever viruses (Sabia strain, Flexal strain, Guanarito strain);

31. Pulmonary & renal syndrome-haemorrhagic fever viruses (Seoul strain, Dobrava strain, Puumala strain, Sin Nombre strain);

32. Nipah virus;

33. High-dangerous coronaviruses including SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2;

34. African swine fever virus;

35. Avian influenza virus (subtypes confirmed to be pathogenic to humans and/or poultry, such as H5N1, H5N6, H7N9, etc.);

36. Bluetongue virus;

37. Foot and mouth disease virus;

38. Goat pox virus;

39. Herpes virus (syn. Aujeszky's disease);

40. Hog cholera virus (syn. Swine fever virus);

41. Lyssa virus;

42. Newcastle disease virus;

43. Peste des petits ruminants virus;

44. Swine vesicular disease virus;

45. Rinderpest virus;

46. Sheep pox virus;

47. Teschen disease virus;

48. Vesicular stomatitis virus;

49. Lumpy skin disease virus;

50. African horse sickness virus;

b. Rickettsiae:

1. Coxiella burnetii;

2. Bartonella (also known as five-day fever Bartonella, Rochalimaea quintana) Bartonella quintana (syn. Rochalimaea quintana, Rickettsia quintana);

3. Rickettsia prowazekii;

4. Rickettsia rickettsii;

c. Bacteria:

1. Bacillus anthracis;

2. Brucella abortus;

3. Brucella melitensis;

4. Brucella suis;

5. Chlamydia psittaci;

6. Clostridium botulinum;

7. Francisella tularensis;

8. Burkholderia mallei (syn. Pseudomonas mallei);

9. Burkholderia pseudomallei (syn. Pseudomonas pseudomallei);

10. Salmonella typhi;

11. Shigella dysenteriae;

12. Vibrio cholerae;

13. Yersinia pestis;

14. Clostridium perfringens, epsilon toxin producing types;

15. Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) of serogroups O157, and other shiga toxin producing serogroups;

16. Clostridium tetani;

17. Legionella pneumophila;

18. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis;

19. Mycoplasma mycoides;

d. Toxins and their subunits:

1. Botulinum toxins;

2. Clostridium perfringens toxins;

3. Conotoxins;

4. Shiga toxins;

5. Shiga-like toxins;

6. Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins;

7. Tetrodotoxin;

8. Microcystins (syn. Cyanoginosins);

9. Aflatoxins;

10. Abrin;

11. Cholera toxin;

12. Diacetoxyscirpenol;

13. T-2 toxin;

14. HT-2 toxin;

15. Modeccin toxin;

16. Volkensin toxin;

17. Viscum Album Lectin 1 (syn. Viscumin).

Description:

1. "Pathogenic microorganisms" controlled under item 1C351, including bacteria, viruses, strains, and all types of live cultures, as well as various biological materials containing such "pathogenic microorganisms" (e.g.:

cells, tissues, sera, infected animals, etc.) or non-biological materials; whether these "pathogenic microorganisms" are natural or genetically modified, they are subject to export control, except when in the form of "vaccines".

2. Various "toxins" controlled under item 1C351, excluding immunotoxins, and pharmaceutical products for human or animal use approved by the competent national authorities.

3. Item 1C351 also controls human and zoonotic "pathogenic microorganisms" and animal "pathogenic microorganisms" that are newly discovered within China or have significantly altered biological characteristics, which can cause serious harm to human or animal health.

1C353 Genetic materials and genetically modified organisms:

a. Genetic materials containing nucleic acid sequences related to the pathogenicity of microorganisms controlled in this list;

b. Genetic materials containing nucleic acid sequences encoding toxins controlled in this list and their subunits;

c. Genetically modified organisms containing nucleic acid sequences related to the pathogenicity of listed micro-organisms;

d. Genetically modified organisms containing nucleic acid sequences encoding listed toxins and their subunits.

Technical Note:

1. Genetic material includes chromosomes, genomes, plasmids, transposons, vectors (whether genetically modified or not).

2. Nucleic acid sequences related to the pathogenicity of listed micro-organisms refers to the following specific sequences related to listed micro-organisms:

a. The sequence itself or its transcribed or translated products cause significant harm to the health of humans, animals or plants;

b. The sequence, by insertion, substitution, integration or deletion, enhances the ability of listed micro-organisms or any other organism to cause serious damage to the health of humans, animals or plants.

3. Nucleic acid sequences related to the pathogenicity of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (O157 serotype) and other Shiga toxin-producing strains are not controlled, while nucleic acid sequences encoding Shiga toxin or its subunits are controlled.

1C354 Plant "pathogenic micro-organisms":

a. Viruses:

1. Andean potato latent tymovirus;

2. Potato spindle tuber viroid;

3. Banana bunchy top virus;

b. Bacteria:

1. Xanthomonas albilineans;

2. Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri;

3. Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (also known as the causal agent of rice bacterial blight);

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (syn.Pseudomonas campestris pv.oryzae);

4. Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus (syn. Corynebacterium michiganensis subsq. Sepedonicum or Corynebacterium sepedonicum);

5. Ralstonia solanacearum races 2 and 3 (also known as Pseudomonas solanacearum or Burkholderia solanacearum) Ralstonia solanacearum races 2 and 3 (syn. pseudomonas solanacearum races 2 and 3 or Burkholderia solanacearum races 2 and 3)

6. Xylella fastidiosa;

c. Fungi:

1. Colletotrichum coffeanum var. Virulans (syn. Colletotrichum kahawae);

2. Cochliobolus miyabeanus (syn. Helminthosporium oryzae);

3. Microcyclus ulei (also known as South American leaf blight fungus);

4. Puccinia graminis (syn. Puccinia graminis

f.sp.tritici);

5. Puccinia striiformis (syn. Puccinia glumarum);

6. Pyricularia grisea (syn. Pyricularia oryzae, Magnaporthe oryzae);

7. Deuterophoma tracheiphila (syn. Phoma tracheiphila);

8. Monilia rorei (syn. Moniliophthorarorei).

Note:

1. All types of "pathogenic microorganisms" controlled by item 1C354, including bacteria, viruses, and all types of live cultures, as well as various biological materials (e.g., cells, tissues, serum, carrier animals, etc.) or non-biological materials containing such "pathogenic microorganisms"; whether these "pathogenic microorganisms" are naturally occurring or genetically modified are subject to export control, except for those in the form of "vaccines".

form.

2. Item 1C354 also controls other plant "pathogenic microorganisms" newly discovered in China or with significant changes in biological characteristics that can cause serious damage to plant health.

1C450 Controlled chemicals:

Note: Export control for item 1C450 is subject to the provisions of the "Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Controlled Chemicals". Matters not covered by the "Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Controlled Chemicals" shall be handled by the competent department of industry and information technology under the State Council in accordance with the relevant provisions of the "Export Control Law of the People's Republic of China" and the "Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Export Control of Dual-use Items".

a. Chemicals that can be used as chemical weapons:

1. Alkyl (methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl) phosphonofluoridates with a carbon chain of less than or equal to 10 carbon atoms, including cycloalkanes; for example:

Sarin: Isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate (CAS 107-44-8)

Soman: Pinacol methylphosphonofluoridate (CAS 96-64-0)

2. Dialkyl (methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl) phosphoramidofluoridates with a carbon chain of less than or equal to 10 carbon atoms, including cycloalkanes; for example: Tabun: Diethyl N,N-dimethylphosphoramidofluoridate (CAS 77-81-6)

3. Alkyl (methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl) alkyl (hydrogen or less than or equal to 10 carbon atoms, including cycloalkyl) thiophosphonates -S-2-dialkyl (methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl) aminoethyl esters and their corresponding alkylated salts or protonated salts; for example: VX: Ethyl methylphosphonothioate S-2-diisopropylaminoethyl ester (CAS 50782-69-9)

4. Sulfur mustard 2-chloroethyl chloromethyl sulfide (CAS 2625-76-5)

Mustard gas: Bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide (CAS 505-60-2)

Bis(2-chloroethylthio)methane (CAS 63869-13-6)

Half mustard gas: 1,2-Bis(2-chloroethylthio)ethane (CAS 3563-36-8)

1,3-Bis(2-chloroethylthio)propane (CAS 63905-10-2)

1,4-Bis(2-chloroethylthio)butane (CAS 142868-93-7)

1,5-Bis(2-chloroethylthio)pentane (CAS 142868-94-8)

Bis(2-chloroethylthio)methyl ether (CAS 63918-90-1)

Oxygen mustard gas: Bis(2-chloroethylthioethyl) ether (CAS 63918-89-8)

5. Lewisite Lewisite 1: 2-Chloroethenyldichloroarsine (CAS 541-25-3)

Lewisite 2: Bis(2-chloroethenyl)chloroarsine (CAS 40334-69-8)

Lewisite 3: Tris(2-chloroethyl) arsine (CAS 40334-70-1)

6. Nitrogen mustard HN1: N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)ethylamine (CAS 538-07-8)

HN2: N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)methylamine (CAS 51-75-2)

HN3: Tris(2-chloroethyl)amine (CAS 555-77-1)

7. Saxitoxin (CAS 35523-89-8)

8. Ricin (CAS 9009-86-3)

9. N-{1-[dialkyl (alkyl chain with 10 or fewer carbon atoms, including cycloalkanes)]

amino]alkylidene (hydrogen, alkyl chain with 10 or fewer carbon atoms, including cycloalkanes)} -P-alkyl (hydrogen, alkyl chain with 10 or fewer carbon atoms, including cycloalkanes) phosphonamidates and their corresponding alkylated or protonated salts, for example:

N-[1-(dinonylamino)alkylidene]-P-decyl phosphonamidate (CAS 2387495-99-8)

N-[1-(diethylamino)alkylidene]-P-methyl phosphonamidate (CAS 2387496-12-8)

10. N-[1-dialkyl (alkyl chain with 10 or fewer carbon atoms, including cycloalkanes)]

Amino]alkylene (hydrogen, a carbon chain of 10 or fewer carbon atoms, including cycloalkanes) amino fluorophosphate alkyl (hydrogen, a carbon chain of 10 or fewer carbon atoms, including cycloalkanes) esters and corresponding alkylated or protonated salts, for example:

N-[1-(di-n-decylamino)n-decylidene]aminofluorophosphate n-decyl ester (CAS 2387496-00-4)

N-[1-(diethylamino)ethylidene]aminofluorophosphate methyl ester (CAS 2387496-04-8)

N-[1-(diethylamino)ethylidene]aminofluorophosphate ethyl ester (CAS 2387496-06-0)

11. [Bis(diethylamino)methylene]methylphosphonamide (CAS 2387496-14-0)

12. Carbamates (pyridinium salts of dimethylaminocarbamates and bis-quaternary salts):

a. Pyridinium salts of dimethylaminocarbamates:

1-[N,N-dialkyl (chain length less than or equal to 10 carbon atoms)-N-(n-hydroxy, acetoxy)alkyl (chain length less than or equal to 10 carbon atoms)]-n-[N-(3-dimethylcarbamoyloxy-α-picolinyl)-N,N-dialkyl (chain length less than or equal to 10 carbon atoms)] dibromodecammonium salt (n=1-8)

For example: 1-[N,N-dimethyl-N-(2-hydroxy)ethyl]-10-[N-(3-dimethylcarbamoyloxy-α-picolinyl)-N,N-dimethyl] dibromodecammonium salt (CAS 77104-62-2)

b. Pyridinium ester of dimethylcarbamic acid bis-quaternary ammonium salts:

1,n-bis[N-(3-dimethylcarbamoyloxy-α-picolinyl)-N,N-dialkyl (chain length less than or equal to 10 carbon atoms)]-[2,(n-1)-dione] dibromoalkane ammonium salt (n=2-12)

For example: 1,10-bis[N-(3-dimethylcarbamoyloxy-α-picolinyl)-N-ethyl-N-methyl]-2,9-dione-dibromodecammonium salt (CAS 77104-00-8)

13. Alkyl (methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, or isopropyl) phosphonic difluorides For example: DF: Methylphosphonic difluoride (CAS 676-99-3)

14. Alkyl (methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl) phosphonous acid alkyl (hydrogen or a carbon chain of 10 or fewer carbon atoms, including cycloalkyl) -2-dialkyl (methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl) aminoethyl esters and their corresponding alkylated or protonated salts, e.g.: QL: Ethyl methylphosphonite ethyl-2-diisopropylaminoethyl ester (CAS 57856-11-8)

15. Chlorosarin: Isopropyl methylphosphonochloridate (CAS 1445-76-7)

16. Chlorsoman: Pinacol methylphosphonochloridate (CAS 7040-57-5)

b. Chemicals that can be used as precursors for the production of chemical weapons:

1. Aminophosphine: Diethyl thiophosphoric acid S-2-diethylaminoethyl ester and its corresponding alkylated or protonated salts (CAS 78-53-5)

2. PFIB: 1,1,3,3,3-Pentafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-1-propene (also known as: perfluoroisobutene; octafluoroisobutene) (CAS 382-21-8)

3. BZ: 3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate (CAS 6581-06-2)

4. Chemicals containing one phosphorus atom bonded to a methyl, ethyl, or (n- or iso-)propyl group, excluding cases with more carbon atoms, except those listed in the first category of the list. For example:

Methylphosphonic dichloride (CAS 676-97-1)

Dimethyl methylphosphonate (CAS 756-79-6)

Exception: Ethoprophos: O,O-Diethyl O-[2-(ethylthio)ethyl] phosphorodithioate (CAS 944-22-9)

5．二烷（甲、乙、正丙或异丙）氨基膦酰二卤

6. Dialkyl (methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl) aminophosphonates of dialkyl (methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl) esters

7. Arsenic trichloride (CAS 7784-34-1)

8. 2,2-Diphenyl-2-hydroxyacetic acid: diphenylglycolic acid; diphenylglycolic acid (CAS 76-93-7)

9. Quininol-3-ol (CAS 1619-34-7)

10. Dialkyl (methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl) aminoethyl-2-chlorides and their corresponding protonated salts

11. Dialkyl (methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl) aminoethyl-2-ols and their corresponding protonated salts; Exception: Dimethylaminoethanol and its corresponding protonated salts (CAS 108-01-0)

Aminoethanol and its corresponding protonated salts (CAS 100-37-8)

12. Dialkyl (methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl) aminoethyl-2-thiols and their corresponding protonated salts

13. Thiodiglycol: bis(2-hydroxyethyl) sulfide; thiodiethanol (CAS 111-48-8)

14. Pinacol: 3,3-dimethylbutan-2-ol (CAS 464-07-3)

c. Chemicals that can be used as the main raw materials for the production of chemical weapons:

1. Phosgene: carbonyl dichloride (CAS 75-44-5);

2. Cyanogen chloride (CAS 506-77-4);

3. Hydrogen cyanide (CAS 74-90-8);

4. Chloropicrin: trichloronitromethane (CAS 76-06-2);

5. Phosphoryl chloride: phosphorus oxychloride; phosphorus oxychloride (CAS 10025-87-3);

6. Phosphorus trichloride (CAS 7719-12-2);

7. Phosphorus pentachloride (CAS 10026-13-8);

8. Trimethyl phosphite (CAS 121-45-9);

9. Triethyl phosphite (CAS 122-52-1);

10. Dimethyl phosphite (CAS 868-85-9);

11. Diethyl phosphite (CAS 762-04-9);

12. Sulfur monochloride (CAS 10025-67-9);

13. Sulfur dichloride (CAS 10545-99-0);

14. Thionyl chloride: sulfuryl chloride; phosphorus oxychloride (CAS 7719-09-7);

15. Diethanolamine (CAS 139-87-7);

16. Methyldiethanolamine (CAS 105-59-9);

17. Triethanolamine (CAS 102-71-6);

18. 3-Hydroxy-1-methylpiperidine (CAS 3554-74-3);

19. 3-Quinuclidinone (CAS 3731-38-2);

20. Pinacolone (CAS 75-97-8);

21. Potassium cyanide (CAS 151-50-8);

22. Sodium cyanide (CAS 143-33-9);

23. Phosphorus pentasulfide (CAS 1314-80-3);

24. Dimethylamine (CAS 124-40-3);

25. Triethanolamine hydrochloride (CAS 637-39-8);

26. Dimethylamine hydrochloride (CAS 506-59-2);

27. Methyl diphenylglycolate (CAS 76-89-1).

1C501 Tributyl phosphate (CAS 126-73-8).

1C901 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers and their products:

a. Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers having all of the following characteristics:

1. Breaking strength greater than or equal to 40 cN/dtex;

2. Initial modulus greater than or equal to 1600 cN/dtex;

3. Un-twisted;

b. Soft unidirectional fabric laminate made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber (unpressed)

When the areal density is less than or equal to 5.3 kg/m², the V50 of the fragment (17 grain fragment FSP) is greater than or equal to 700 m/s (tested according to Appendix B of GJB4300A-2012 "Ballistic Limit V50 Test Method");

1C902 Samarium-related items:

a. Metallic samarium, alloys containing samarium, and related products:

1. Metallic samarium;

2. Alloys containing samarium:

a. Samarium-cobalt alloys;

b. Samarium-iron alloys;

c. Samarium-nickel alloys;

d. Samarium-aluminum alloys;

e. Samarium-magnesium alloys;

3. Sputtering targets containing samarium:

a. Samarium targets;

b. Samarium-cobalt alloy targets;

c. Samarium-iron alloy targets;

4. Samarium-cobalt permanent magnet materials;

b. Samarium oxide and mixtures thereof;

c. Compounds and mixtures containing samarium.

Note:

1. Alloys controlled by 1C902.a.2 include those in forms such as ingots, blocks, bars, wires, sheets, rods, plates, tubes, granules, powders, etc.

2. "Sputtering targets" controlled by 1C902.a.3 include those in forms such as sheets, tubes, etc.

3. "Sputtering targets" controlled by 1C902.a.4 include those in forms such as sheets, tubes, etc.

4. Oxides, compounds and mixtures thereof controlled by 1C902.b and 1C902.c include, but are not limited to, powders and other forms.

1C903 Gadolinium-related items:

a. Metallic gadolinium, gadolinium-containing alloys and related products:

1. Metallic gadolinium;

2. Gadolinium-containing alloys:

a. Gadolinium-magnesium alloys;

b. Gadolinium-aluminum alloys;

3. Gadolinium-containing targets:

a. Gadolinium targets;

b. Gadolinium-iron alloy targets;

c. Gadolinium-cobalt alloy targets;

b. Gadolinium oxide and mixtures thereof;

c. Compounds and mixtures containing gadolinium.

Note:

1. Alloys controlled by 1C903.a.2, including forms such as ingots, blocks, bars, wires, sheets, rods, plates, tubes, granules, and powders.

2. Sputtering targets controlled by 1C903.a.3, including forms such as sheets and tubes.

3. Oxides, compounds, and mixtures thereof controlled by 1C903.b and 1C903.c, including but not limited to powders.

1C904 Terbium-related items:

a. Terbium metal, terbium alloys, and related products:

1. Metallic terbium;

2. Alloys containing terbium:

a. Terbium-cobalt alloy;

b. Terbium-cobalt-iron alloy;

3. Terbium-containing target materials:

a. Terbium targets;

b. Terbium-cobalt alloy targets;

4. Terbium-containing Neodymium-Iron-Boron permanent magnet materials;

b. Terbium oxide and mixtures thereof;

c. Terbium compounds and mixtures thereof.

Note:

1. Alloys controlled by 1C904.a.2 include forms such as ingots, blocks, bars, wires, slices, rods, plates, tubes, granules, and powders.

2. Targets controlled by 1C904.a.3 include forms such as slices and tubes.

3. Permanent magnetic materials controlled by 1C904.a.3 include magnets or magnetic powders.

4. Oxides, compounds and mixtures of items controlled by 1C904.b and 1C904.c, including but not limited to in powder form.

1C905 Dysprosium-related items:

a. Dysprosium metal, alloys containing dysprosium and related products:

1. Dysprosium metal;

2. Alloys containing dysprosium:

a. Dysprosium-iron alloy;

b. Terbium-dysprosium-iron alloy;

3. Dysprosium-containing target materials:

a. Dysprosium targets;

b. Terbium-dysprosium-iron alloy targets;

4. Neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnetic materials containing dysprosium;

b. Dysprosium oxide and mixtures thereof;

c. Compounds and mixtures thereof containing dysprosium.

Note:

1. Alloys controlled by ML1C905.a.2, including forms such as ingots, blocks, bars, wires, sheets, rods, plates, tubes, granules, and powders.

2. Sputtering targets controlled by ML1C905.a.3, including forms such as sheets and tubes.

3. Permanent magnetic materials controlled by ML1C905.a.4, including magnets or magnetic powders.

4. Oxides, compounds and mixtures thereof controlled by ML1C905.b or ML1C905.c, including but not limited to powders.

ML1C906 Lutetium-related items:

a. Lutetium metal, alloys containing lutetium and related products:

1. Lutetium metal;

2. Ytterbium-lutetium alloys;

3. Lutetium targets;

b. Lutetium oxides and mixtures thereof;

c. Compounds and mixtures containing lutetium.

Note:

1. Alloys controlled by 1C906.a.2, including forms such as ingots, blocks, bars, wires, sheets, rods, plates, tubes, granules, and powders.

2. Targets controlled by 1C906.a.3, including forms such as sheets and tubes.

3. Oxides, compounds and mixtures thereof controlled by 1C906.b, 1C906.c, including but not limited to forms such as powders.

1C907 Scandium-related items:

a. Scandium metal, scandium-containing alloys, and related articles:

1. Metallic scandium;

2. Scandium-containing alloys:

a. Scandium-aluminum alloys;

b. Scandium-magnesium alloys;

c. Scandium-copper alloys;

3. Scandium targets;

b. Scandium oxide and its mixtures;

c. Scandium compounds and their mixtures.

Note:

1. Alloys controlled by item 1C907.a.2 include ingots, blocks, bars, wires, sheets, rods, plates, tubes, granules, powders, and other forms.

2. Targets controlled by 1C907.a.3, including but not limited to in sheet or tube form.

3. Oxides, compounds, and mixtures thereof controlled by 1C907.b and 1C907.c, including but not limited to in powder form.

1C908 Yttrium-related items:

a. Metallic yttrium, yttrium-containing alloys, and related products:

1. Metallic yttrium;

2. Yttrium-containing alloys:

a. Yttrium-aluminum alloys;

b. Yttrium-magnesium alloys;

c. Yttrium-nickel alloy;

d. Yttrium-copper alloy;

e. Yttrium-iron alloys;

3．含钇的靶材：

a. Yttrium targets;

b. Yttrium-aluminum alloy targets;

c. Yttrium-zirconium alloy targets;

b. Yttrium oxide and mixtures thereof;

c. Yttrium-containing compounds and mixtures thereof.

Note:

1. Alloys controlled under item 1C908.a.2, including in the form of ingots, blocks, bars, wires, sheets, rods, plates, tubes, granules, powders, etc.

2. The target materials controlled under 1C908.a.3 include forms such as sheets, tubes, etc.

3. Oxides, compounds, and mixtures thereof controlled under items 1C908.b and 1C908.c, including but not limited to in powder form.

1D Software

Software specifically designed or modified for the research, development, production, or use of items controlled by 1B003.

1D101 Software for the production of composite material parts:

a. "NC" specially designed or modified for the use of items controlled under 1B101.a.

Software;

b. Software specially designed or modified for the use of items controlled under 1B101.b.

1D201 Software specially designed for the use of items controlled under 1B201.

1E Technology

1E003 Technology for the research, development, production, or use of items controlled under 1B003 and their carriers, including design drawings, process specifications, process parameters, processing procedures, simulation data, etc.

1E004 Technology and data (including process specifications, process parameters, processing procedures, etc.) for the production of items controlled under 1C004.

1E101 The following technologies:

a. Production technology for producing pyrolytic derivative materials by decomposing reaction gases on injection molds, core molds, or other substrates within a high-temperature range of 1300-2900 °C and a pressure range of 130-20000 Pa, including synthesis of reaction gases, flow rates, procedures for process control, and parameter control techniques;

b. Technology and data for the production of items 1C117.b, 1C117.c, and 1C117.d (including process specifications, process parameters, processing procedures, etc.).

Technical data and procedures for controlling temperature, pressure, and atmosphere in autoclaves and hydraulic presses during the production of composite material parts.

1E201 Technology for the research, development, production, or use of 1A202, 1A225, 1A226, 1A227,

1B201, 1B225, 1B226, 1B228, 1B229, 1B230, 1B231,

1B232, 1B233, 1B234, 1C202, 1C210, 1C216, 1C225,

1C226, 1C227, 1C228, 1C229, 1C230, 1C231, 1C232,

1C233, 1C234, 1C235, 1C236, 1C237, 1C238, 1C239,

Technology for items controlled by 1C240, 1C241, 1D201.

1E301 Technology for the research, development, production, or use of items controlled by 1C351, 1C353, 1C354.

1E302 Technology for the research, development, production, or use of items controlled by 1C350.

1E901 Technology for the production of items controlled by 1C901, including design drawings, process specifications, process parameters, processing procedures, simulation data, etc.

Category 2 Material Processing

2A Systems, equipment and components

2A225 Crucibles manufactured from materials resistant to liquid actinide metals:

a. Crucibles with the following two characteristics:

1. Volume 150 to 8000 cm3 or 150 to 8000 ml;

2. Manufactured from or coated with any of the following materials or combinations thereof, with an impurity of less than or equal to 2% (by weight):

a. Calcium fluoride (CaF2);

b. Calcium zirconate (metazirconate) (CaZrO3);

c. Cerium sulfide (Ce2S3);

d. Erbium oxide (Er2O3);

e. Hafnium oxide (HfO2);

f. Magnesium oxide (MgO);

g. Niobium-titanium-tungsten alloy (approximately 50% niobium, 30% titanium, and 20% tungsten);

h. Yttrium oxide (Y2O3);

i. Zirconium oxide (ZrO2);

b. Crucibles with two of the following characteristics:

1. Volume 50-2000 cm3 or 50-2000 ml;

2. Manufactured from or lined with tantalum with a purity greater than or equal to 99.9% (by weight);

c. Crucibles with all of the following characteristics:

1. Volume 50-2000 cm3 or 50-2000 ml;

2. Manufactured from or lined with tantalum with a purity greater than or equal to 98% (by weight);

3. Coated with tantalum carbide, tantalum nitride, tantalum boride, or any combination of the above materials.

2A226 Valves with all of the following characteristics:

a. Nominal size greater than or equal to 5 mm;

b. Sealed with bellows;

c. Entirely made of aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel, or nickel content greater than or equal to 60% (by weight)

manufactured from or lined with nickel alloy.

Technical note: For valves with different inlet and outlet diameters, the nominal size described in 2A226.a refers to the minimum diameter.

2A901 Key components for six-sided top presses:

a. Hinge beam;

b. Top hammer;

c. High-pressure control systems with synthesis pressures greater than 5 GPa.

2B Test, inspection, and production equipment

2B005 Microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) equipment specially designed or manufactured with either of the following characteristics:

a. Microwave power greater than 10 kW;

b. Microwave frequencies of 915 or 2450 MHz.

2B104 "Isostatic presses" with all of the following characteristics:

a. Maximum working pressure greater than or equal to 69 MPa;

b. Capable of achieving and maintaining a controlled thermal environment of 600 °C or greater;

c. "Chamber inner diameter" greater than or equal to 254 mm.

2B105 Chemical vapour deposition furnaces for the densification of carbon-carbon composites.

2B117 Pyrolysis and densification process control equipment.

2B201 Machine tools and any combination thereof, for cutting or grinding metals, ceramics or composite materials, which, according to the manufacturer's technical specifications, can be equipped with electronic devices for the "form-making control" along two or more axes simultaneously:

Note: "NC" machine tool units controlled by the "software" described in 2B201, see 2D203.

a. Lathes having either of the following characteristics:

1. Lathes capable of machining workpieces with a diameter greater than 35 mm;

2. "Positioning accuracy" along any linear axis of less than 6 µm (total "positioning accuracy") after all compensations have been applied, according to ISO230-2:1988 or national equivalent;

Note: 2B201.a does not control bar lathes that only machine bar feed through, with a maximum bar diameter of 42 mm or less, and which cannot be fitted with a chuck. The lathes can drill and mill parts with a diameter of 42 mm or less.

b. Milling machines having either of the following characteristics:

1. "Positioning accuracy" along any linear axis of less than 6 µm (total "positioning accuracy") after all compensations have been applied, according to ISO230-2:1988 or national equivalent;

2. Having 2 or more rotary axes for contouring;

3. Having 5 or more axes that can be simultaneously coordinated for "form control";

Note:

2B201.b Milling machines, not controlled, having either of the following characteristics:

1. X-axis travel greater than 2 m;

2. Total "positioning accuracy" along the X-axis greater than 30 µm, according to ISO230-2:1988 or equivalent national standards.

c. Grinding machines having any of the following characteristics:

1. "Positional accuracy" along any linear coordinate is less than 4 µm (total "positional accuracy") after all compensations have been applied, according to ISO230-2:1988 or equivalent national standards;

2. Having 2 or more "form" rotary axes;

3. Having 5 or more axes that can be simultaneously coordinated for "form control";

Note:

2B201.c. Grinding machines not controlled by this item:

1. External, internal, and internal-external cylindrical grinding machines having all of the following characteristics:

a. Limited to the machining of workpieces with a maximum external diameter or length of 150 mm;

b. Limited to X, Z, and C axes;

2. Coordinate grinding machines with a Z-axis or W-axis having a total "positional accuracy" not less than (worse than) 4 µm, according to ISO230-2:1988 or equivalent national standards.

d. Having 2 or more "form-controlled" rotary axes capable of simultaneous coordinated "form control";

of wireless type Electrical Discharge Machines (EDM).

Note:

1. After measurement according to ISO230-2:1988 or equivalent national standards, the claimed "positioning accuracy" level is determined according to the following "procedure". If provided to and approved by the relevant national authorities, it can be used for testing each model of machine tool in lieu of testing individual machines. The claimed "positioning accuracy" is determined according to the following "procedure":

a. Select 5 machines of a given model for evaluation;

b. Measure the "accuracy" of linear coordinates according to ISO230-2:1988 or equivalent national standards;

c. Measure the precision value (A) for each axis of each machine. The method for calculating precision values is described in ISO230-2:1988 or equivalent national standards;

d. The average of the precision values for each axis. This average value may be used as the claimed "positioning accuracy" (Âx, Ây...) for each axis of that model of machine;

e. Since item 2B201 refers to each linear coordinate, there will be as many claimed "positioning accuracy" values as there are linear axes;

f. If the claimed "positioning accuracy" for any axis of a machine tool not controlled by 2B201.a, 2B201.b, or 2B201.c is less than or equal to 6 µm for grinding machines and less than or equal to 8 µm for milling and turning machines (both determined according to ISO230-2:1988 or equivalent national standards), then the manufacturer shall be required to re-determine the accuracy level every 18 months.

2. Machine tools specifically designed for or modified to process the following parts:

a. Gears;

b. Crankshaft or camshaft;

c. Tools or cutters;

d. Extruder screw.

Technical Notes:

1．轴应根据国际标准（ISO841《数控机床——轴和动作的名称》）

or equivalent national standard designation.

2. The number of secondary parallel axes of form is not included in the total number of "form" axes. (Example: the w-axis on a horizontal boring machine or a secondary rotary axis whose centerline is parallel to the primary rotary axis).

3. The rotating axis does not necessarily need to rotate 360 degrees. The rotating axis can be driven by a lead screw or a rack and pinion type linear mechanism.

4. For the purposes of 2B201, the number of axes capable of simultaneous coordinated "form control" means the number of axes along or around which simultaneous and related movements between the workpiece and the tool can be achieved during machining. This does not include any other axes along or around which other related movements are achieved on a turning machine, for example:

a. Wheel dressing systems for grinding machines;

b. Parallel rotary axes for loading or unloading other workpieces;

c. Co-linear rotary axes for loading the same workpiece into a chuck from different endpoints;

5. Tools with 2 or more functions among turning, milling, and grinding (e.g., a lathe with milling capability) shall be evaluated under 2B201.a, 2B201.b, and 2B201.c, respectively.

6.2B201.b.3 and 2B201.c.3 controls are based on parallel linear dynamics design for machine tools with 5 or more non-rotating axes (e.g., parallel machine tools).

2B204 "Isostatic presses" not controlled by 2B104 and related equipment:

a. "Isostatic presses" having both of the following characteristics:

1. Maximum working pressure greater than or equal to 69 MPa;

2. "Chamber inner diameter" greater than 152 mm;

b. Steel dies, molds, or controllers specially designed for "isostatic presses" controlled by 2B204.a.

2B206 Dimensional inspection machines, devices or systems:

a. Computer controlled or "numerically controlled" coordinate measuring machines having any of the following characteristics:

1. Has 2 axes, and according to ISO 10360-2 (2009) or equivalent national standard, the maximum permissible error of length measurement along any axis (one-dimensional) at any point within the operating range of the coordinate measuring machine (i.e., within the length range of the axes) (expressed as any combination of E0x MPE, E0y MPE, or E0z MPE) is less than or equal to (1.25+L/1000) µm (L is the measured length in mm);

2. Has 3 or more axes, and according to ISO 10360-2 (2009) or equivalent national standard, the three-dimensional (volumetric) maximum permissible error of length measurement (E0, MPE) at any point within the operating range of the coordinate measuring machine (i.e., within the length range of the axes) is less than or equal to (1.7+L/800) µm (L is the measured length in mm);

Technical specification: The E0, MPE of the coordinate measuring machine's most accurate device (e.g., probe, stylus length, motion parameters, optimal part of the environment) as specified by the manufacturer according to ISO 10360-2 (2009) or equivalent national standard, after all available compensation, should be compared with

Threshold comparable to 1.7+L/800 µm.

b. "Linear displacement" measuring instrument:

1. Non-contact measuring system with a "resolution" less than or equal to 0.2 µm when the measuring range does not exceed 0.2 mm;

2. Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) systems having both of the following characteristics:

a. Having either of the following characteristics:

1. For Linear Variable Differential Transformers (LVDTs) with an operating range not exceeding 5 mm, a "linearity" of less than or equal to 0.1% as measured from 0 to the full operating range;

2. For Linear Variable Differential Transformers (LVDTs) with an operating range exceeding 5 mm, a "linearity" of less than or equal to 0.1% as measured from 0 to 5 mm;

b. Daily drift of less than or equal to 0.1% when the temperature changes by ±1 ºC in a standard environmental laboratory;

3. Measurement systems with either of the following characteristics:

a. Equipped with a "laser";

b. Capable of maintaining the following two characteristics for at least 12 h under standard temperature and standard pressure with a temperature variation range of ± 1 ºC:

1. "Resolution" over the full scale greater than or equal to 0.1 µm;

2. "Measurement uncertainty" less than or equal to (0.2 + L/2000) µm (L is the measured length in mm);

Note: 2B206.b.3 does not control interferometer systems for measurement, without closed-loop or open-loop feedback, equipped with a "laser" for measuring slideway motion errors of machine tools, dimensional inspection machines, or similar equipment.

Technical Note: In 2B206.b, "linear displacement" refers to a change in distance between the measuring probe and the object being measured.

c. Angular displacement measuring instruments with an "angular deviation" of less than or equal to 0.00025°;

Note: 2B206.c does not control optical instruments, such as those using a collimated beam (e.g., a laser)

Autocollimators for detecting angular displacement of mirrors.

d. Systems for simultaneously checking linear and angular displacement of half-shells, having the following two characteristics:

1. "Measurement uncertainty" along any linear coordinate axis of less than or equal to 3.5 µm per 5 mm;

2. "Angular deviation" of less than or equal to 0.02°.

Note:

1. Machine tools, other than those controlled by 2B201, are controlled by 2B206 if they can be used for measurement and their performance meets or exceeds the standards specified in 2B206.

2. If the dimensional inspection equipment described in item 2B206 exceeds the specified threshold in any aspect of its operating range, then such inspection equipment shall be controlled.

Technical note: All parameters of the measured values in this item are signed, i.e., the entire range is not expressed as a positive or negative interval.

2B207 "Robots" "end-effectors" and controllers:

a. "Robots" or "end-effectors" with either of the following characteristics:

1. Specially designed according to national safety standards, capable of being used for handling high explosives (e.g.:

nominal values for high explosive electrical regulations);

2. Specially designed or evaluated for radiation hardening, capable of withstanding greater than 5 x 10^4 Gy (silicon)

radiation without degradation of performance;

Technical Note: Gy (Gray) is the unit of absorbed dose, defined as the energy imparted by ionizing radiation per unit mass of matter, in Joules per kilogram (J/kg).

b. Any "robot" or "end-effector" controlled by 2B207.a

Specially designed controllers.

Note: 2B207 does not control "robots" specially designed for non-nuclear industrial applications, such as automotive paint spray booths.

Technical Note:

1. In 2B207, "robot" means a manipulator that can operate continuously or point-to-point, may use "sensors", and has all of the following characteristics:

a. Multi-functional;

b. Capable of positioning or orienting materials, parts, tools, or specialized equipment through variable movement in three-dimensional space;

c. Closed or open-loop servo-controlled devices with 3 or more possible stepper motor positions;

d. "User-accessible programmability" achieved through teaching, playback, or via an electronic computer using programmable logic control, without the need for mechanical intervention.

In the above definition, "sensor" means a detector of physical phenomena, the output of which (after conversion to a signal interpretable by a controller) can generate a "program", or modify "program" instructions or digital "program" data. It includes "sensors" with capabilities such as machine vision, infrared imaging, acoustic imaging, tactile measurement, inertial position measurement, optical or acoustic ranging, or force or torque measurement.

In the above definition, "user-accessible programmability" means facilities allowing the user to insert, modify or replace "programs" by means other than the following:

a. Actual changes in wiring or interconnections;

b. Setting of functional controllers, including input parameters.

In the above definition, "robot" does not include the following devices:

a. Manipulators controlled only by manual or remote control;

b. Fixed sequence manipulator, which are automatic handling devices that operate according to a mechanically fixed program. The "program" is mechanically limited by fixed stops (e.g., pins or cams). The sequence of operations and the selection of track diameter or angle cannot be changed or altered by mechanical, electronic, or electrical means;

c. Mechanically controlled variable sequence manipulator, which are automatic handling devices that operate according to a mechanically fixed program. The "program" is mechanically limited by fixed, yet adjustable stops (e.g., pins or cams). In the fixed "program" mode, the sequence of operations and the selection of track diameter or angle are changeable. The "program" mode on one or more axes of motion can only be changed or modified (e.g., by changing the pins used or by interchanging cams) by mechanical operation;

d. Non-servo-controlled variable sequence manipulator, which are automatic handling devices that operate according to a mechanically fixed program. The "program" is changeable, but the sequence of operations can only be continued by means of a mechanically fixed binary electrical output or adjustable stops;

e. Gantry cranes defined as Cartesian coordinate manipulator systems, as part of a vertically arranged storage silo system, for the purpose of accessing the contents of the containers.

2. In item 2B207, "end effector" includes grippers, "active tooling units", and any other tools attached to the main mounting plate of a "robot" manipulator arm.

In the above definition, "active processing unit" means a device that applies a power source, process energy, or performs detection on a workpiece.

2B209 Roll-forming machines, spin-forming machines capable of roll-forming and mandrels:

a. Machines with both of the following characteristics:

1. Equipped with 3 or more rollers (active or guiding);

2. Capable of being equipped with a "CNC" unit or computer controller, according to the manufacturer's technical specifications;

Note: Item 2B209.a is controlled for machines with only one roller for deforming metal and two auxiliary rollers for supporting the mandrel but not directly participating in the deformation process.

b. Mandrels for forming rotors with an internal diameter of 75 to 400 mm.

2B210 Vibration test systems, equipment, components:

a. Electrodynamic vibration test systems with all of the following characteristics:

1. Using feedback or closed-loop control techniques and including a "CNC" unit;

2. Capable of producing 10 gRMS (root mean square) over a frequency range of 20 to 2000 Hz

or greater vibration;

3. Capable of exerting a force of 50 kN or greater ("unbalanced" measurement);

b. Digital controllers, with software designed for vibration testing (real-time bandwidth greater than 5 kHz), also designed for systems controlled by item 2B210.a;

c. Capable of applying a force of 50 kN or greater ("bare table"

measurement), usable for vibration exciters (shakers) for systems controlled by item 2B210.a;

d. Support structures and electronic devices for test components designed to interconnect multiple vibration generators into a complete vibration system capable of providing a useful combined force of 50 kN or greater ("bare table" measurement), usable for systems controlled by item 2B210.a;

e. Other auxiliary equipment specially designed for item 2B210.a.

Technical Note: "Bare table" means a platform or surface without fixtures and accessories.

2B219 Fixed or portable, horizontal or vertical centrifugal universal balancing machines:

a. Centrifugal balancing machines designed for balancing flexible rotors not shorter than 600 mm and possessing all of the following characteristics:

1. Journal diameter greater than or equal to 75 mm;

2. Mass capacity from 0.9 to 23 kg;

3. Balancing rotational speed capable of exceeding 5000 rpm;

b. Centrifugal balancing machines designed for balancing hollow cylindrical rotor components and possessing all of the following characteristics:

1. Journal diameter greater than 75 mm;

2. Mass capacity from 0.9 to 23 kg;

3. Minimum achievable residual unbalance less than or equal to 10 g mm/kg per plane;

4. Belt-driven type.

2B225 Teleoperation manipulators, with any of the following characteristics, for remote handling for radiochemical separation operations or hot cells:

a. Capable of penetrating a hot cell wall with a thickness greater than or equal to 0.6 m (through-wall operation);

b. Capable of spanning the top of a hot cell with a wall thickness greater than or equal to 0.6 m (overhead operation).

Technical note: Teleoperation manipulators transfer the operator's movements to a remote operating arm and end effector. The manipulator can be a "master-slave" type or operated by joysticks or keyboards.

2B226 Controlled atmosphere (vacuum or inert gas) induction furnaces and their power supplies:

a. Induction furnaces with all of the following characteristics:

1. Capable of operating at temperatures greater than or equal to 850 °C;

2. Induction coil diameter less than or equal to 600 mm;

3. Design input power greater than or equal to 5 kW;

Note: Item 2B226.a does not control induction furnaces used for processing semiconductor wafers.

b. Power supplies specifically designed for the induction furnaces controlled by item 2B226.a, with a rated output power greater than or equal to 5 kW.

2B227 Vacuum furnaces or other controlled atmosphere metallurgical melting furnaces and related equipment:

a. Arc remelting furnaces, arc melting furnaces, and arc casting furnaces with the following two characteristics:

1. Using self-consuming electrodes with a capacity of 1000 to 20000 cm3;

2. Capable of operating at a melting temperature above 1700 °C;

b. Electron beam melting furnaces, plasma atomization furnaces, and plasma melting furnaces with the following two characteristics:

1. Power greater than or equal to 50 kW;

2. Capable of operating at melting temperatures above 1200 °C;

c. Computer control systems and monitoring systems specially equipped for any furnace controlled by 2B227.a or 2B227.b;

d. Plasma torches with the following two characteristics, specifically designed for furnaces controlled by 2B227.b:

1. Operating power greater than 50 kW;

2. Capable of operating at temperatures above 1200 °C;

e. Electron beam guns designed for furnaces controlled by 2B227.b, with an operating power greater than 50 kW.

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